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假牙／牙套掉了，可以自己黏回去吗？｜證據鏈

km 編輯部2026-08-13阅读约 57 分钟
#證據鏈#牙醫KM#台灣#牙套

本頁是〈假牙／牙套掉了，可以自己黏回去吗？〉的事實單元帳：每一條主張對應的來源、證據等級、地域與期間、原文引句與限制，逐條攤開。

假牙／牙套掉了，可以自己黏回去吗？｜證據鏈

F-Units（事实单元帐）

  • F1｜confidence: verified｜basis: internal_dataset｜period: 2025-03 至 2026-08 GSC｜geo: TW｜span: backlog #38「假牙掉了怎么办」「假牙掉了可以黏回去吗」「牙套掉了可以黏回去吗」「牙套掉了怎么办」「固定式义齿掉了」「临时假牙掉了」「临时牙套掉了」「陶瓷牙套掉了」8 词项合计曝光 99,993，跨 三站（含 1 个简体变体）｜caveat: 曝光为资产级数字、非去重流量；发布转档时本条整条不输出（内部数据不进可见层）
  • F2｜confidence: 结构性整理（编辑框架，非外部事实宣称）｜basis: editorial_framework｜period: 2026-08-06｜geo: universal｜span: 「牙冠／牙桥／暂时牙冠／可摘义齿」四路分流、「掉下来是结果不是原因」的提问框架、红旗清单的编排顺序、以及四种情况的操作提醒清单，皆为本站依 F3 至 F30 各来源整理的沟通用架构｜caveat: 非诊断工具、非分级判准，不取代牙医师检查
  • F3｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 32293908，10 年文献回顾）｜period: 检索 2009-10-01 至 2019-10-31，2021 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「The Medline database was searched for cases of denture ingestion or aspiration from October 1, 2009, to October 31, 2019.」「Dentures are worn by 20% of the United Kingdom population for both physical and psychological symptoms associated with tooth loss. However, significant morbidity and mortality can result if dentures are swallowed or aspirated.」「Eighty-five patients were identified from 77 case reports.」「Complications were documented in 37.6% (n = 32) of patients with 2 cases resulting in death. Duration of symptoms over 1 day (P = .005) and delayed removal beyond 4 days post-ingestion (P = .017) was significantly associated with increased rates of complications. There was no significant association between complication rate and patient age, denture type, level of impaction, or radiolucency.」「Denture aspiration or ingestion can have serious consequences. Factors impacting complication rate revolve around early recognition and treatment.」｜caveat: 纳入为个案报告之汇整（85 位病人来自 77 篇个案报告），属选择性发表之资料，不能用于估计发生率或个人风险；20% 为该文引述之英国假牙配戴比例、非台湾数字，本卡正文未引用该比例。2026-08-06 检索未见更新版
  • F4｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 27141998，个案报告）｜period: 2016 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「We present a case of a 66-year-old Caucasian man with acute respiratory distress. The patient had a history of multiple cerebrovascular accidents which resulted in left hemiplegia, swallowing problems, and aphasia.」「Dental prosthesis aspiration is a medical situation associated with a higher morbidity and mortality rate compared to ingested foreign bodies. It requires a high level of suspicion to ensure a timely diagnosis and life-saving treatment.」「In impaired adults with missing dental prostheses there should be extra awareness for this problem.」｜caveat: 单一个案报告，证据等级低；该病人另有多重共病并于治疗后死于败血症，不可归因於单一因素；本卡仅引用其对「吸入比吞入更危险」与「功能受损成人应提高警觉」之陈述，且不得用来描述任何人群在吸入个案中的出现频率（2026-08-06 CX 对抗审指出原稿写成「病人常有」，已改写为单一个案陈述）
  • F5｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 20689240，单一机构回溯调查）｜period: 2008 会计年度资料，2010 刊出｜geo: universal（日本单一牙科医院）｜span: 「Accidental ingestion accounted for about 30% of accidents that occurred at our hospital in fiscal 2008, but all ingested items were naturally excreted, and no accidental aspiration occurred. Accidental ingestion most frequently occurred when dental restorations were removed. Inlays and crowns were most frequently ingested」｜caveat: 单一机构、单一年度之院内事故调查，不可外推为一般发生率；情境为诊间内由专业人员拆除修复体时，与居家自行重新配戴不同，本卡未以本条支持把在家戴回去说成误吞误吸的典型情境（2026-08-06 CX 对抗审指出原稿标题与归属过度，已改写）
  • F6｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 31153613，技术文章）｜period: 2020 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Accidental aspiration or ingestion of a crown is a risk during dental treatment. To prevent this, dental floss can be tied to a loop attached to the lingual surface of the crown.」｜caveat: 该文为牙科技术文章（dental technique），非临床试验；原文限定的场景是 during dental treatment（牙科治疗期间），不涵盖病人在家自行重新配戴，本卡未跨场景外推；本卡仅引用其对风险存在之陈述，未引用其 CAD-CAM 制作方法；文中所述之牙线防护为诊疗中的专业操作，非民众可自行施行
  • F7｜confidence: verified｜basis: clinical_guideline（PMID 26862844，欧洲消化内视镜学会 ESGE 成人上消化道异物取出临床指引；PubMed pubtype 标示 Practice Guideline）｜period: 2016 刊出；版本时效查核（2026-08-06）：以 ESGE guideline foreign bodies upper gastrointestinal tract 与 foreign body ingestion 并 guideline[ti] 两路检索 PubMed，未见 ESGE 成人版之更新版，本篇为现行可引用版本｜geo: universal｜span: 「ESGE recommends diagnostic evaluation based on the patient's history and symptoms. ESGE recommends a physical examination focused on the patient's general condition and to assess signs of any complications (strong recommendation, low quality evidence).」「We recommend plain radiography to assess the presence, location, size, configuration, and number of ingested foreign bodies if ingestion of radiopaque objects is suspected or type of object is unknown (strong recommendation, low quality evidence).」「ESGE recommends computed tomography (CT) scan in all patients with suspected perforation or other complication that may require surgery (strong recommendation, low quality evidence).」「ESGE recommends clinical observation without the need for endoscopic removal for management of asymptomatic patients with ingestion of blunt and small objects (except batteries and magnets). If feasible, outpatient management is appropriate (strong recommendation, low quality evidence).」「ESGE recommends emergent (preferably within 2 hours, but at the latest within 6 hours) therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy for foreign bodies inducing complete esophageal obstruction, and for sharp-pointed objects or batteries in the esophagus. We recommend urgent (within 24 hours) therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy for other esophageal foreign bodies without complete obstruction (strong recommendation, low quality evidence).」｜caveat: 指引之建议对象为执行内视镜的医师，不是民众自我处置的准则；原文各建议自载证据品质为低（low quality evidence）；指引未针对牙科修复体另立专章，本卡以「吞入异物」之通则引用
  • F8｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 14623855，个案报告）｜period: 2003 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Diagnosing ingested dental prostheses can be difficult and delays in treatment may result in serious complications. Patients often present with a vague history and very few reliable clinical signs. In addition, the fact that dental plates are often radiolucent may lead to the diagnosis being overlooked with disastrous consequences.」｜caveat: 单一个案报告，刊出年代较早（2003）；其「假牙常为透 X 光」之陈述于 2024 与 2026 年之个案报告仍被重述（见 F9、F10），本卡以三笔并陈而非单笔支撑
  • F9｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 39497187，个案报告）｜period: 2024 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Ingested dental prosthesis are susceptible to impaction in the gastrointestinal tract due to their sharp edges, size and contour. Delays in presentation arise from the lack of clear history of ingestion and misdiagnosis occurs due to the radiolucency of denture material on plain radiography.」｜caveat: 单一个案报告（气管食道瘘管）；本卡未引用其手术重建方法，仅引用其对嵌顿机转与延迟原因之陈述
  • F10｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 41658801，个案报告）｜period: 2026 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Accidental denture ingestion, though rare, is a serious cause of acute abdomen. While most swallowed dentures pass through without complications, some can become impacted, leading to potentially severe complications. Diagnosis is challenging due to the radiolucent nature of dentures.」「A 70-year-old male presented with diffuse abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation after accidentally swallowing part of his dentures 10 days earlier.」「Elderly patients with acute abdominal symptoms and denture ingestion history should be suspected of complications. A high index of suspicion and prompt contrast-enhanced CT are crucial.」｜caveat: 单一个案报告；原文亦写明多数吞入的假牙可自然通过而无并发症，本卡已在正文并陈此方向，未以个案渲染风险
  • F11｜confidence: verified（IADT 2020 乳牙外伤指引全文，2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 自 Wiley 开放取用全文实测取回，文字档留存本机；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-30 卡 F16）｜basis: clinical_guideline（International Association of Dental Traumatology 2020 指引三，Dent Traumatol 2020;36(4):343-359，DOI 10.1111/edt.12576；PubMed 条目见来源清单）｜period: 2020 现行版｜geo: universal｜span（取自全文 Table 12 乳牙脱出节，非 PubMed 摘要）: 「While avulsed teeth are most often lost out of the mouth, there is a risk that they can be embedded in soft tissues of the lip, cheek, or tongue, pushed into the nose, ingested or aspirated」／「If the avulsed tooth is not found, the child should be referred for medical evaluation to an emergency room for further examination, especially where there are respiratory symptoms」｜caveat: 原文脉络为儿童乳牙外伤，不是牙冠或假牙脱落；本卡仅引用其「找不到脱落物＋呼吸道症状＝转急诊」之处置原则，并在正文保留原始条件与人群限定，未扩大解释
  • F12｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 14719578，个案报告）｜period: 2003 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「This article describes how a man attempted to repair damage to his maxillary teeth with super glue. Such action is discouraged, however, because of possible adverse reactions in the hard and soft tissues.」｜caveat: 单一个案报告，证据等级低，且该摘要未载明具体不良反应之型态与严重度；本卡引用其结论句之立场（不建议），未推论任何损伤发生率
  • F13｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 17987865，体外微拉伸黏结强度研究）｜period: 2007 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「The 24-hour repair strengths for PMMA ranged from 52% to 84% of original strength.」「Permabond (cyanoacrylate) to PMMA tested 47% of original strength after 24 hours of soaking and 26% of the 12-month soaked material strength.」｜caveat: 体外实验、测的是牙科用假牙修补材料在实验室条件下的界面强度，不是家用强力胶在口内的表现，两者不可等同（本卡正文已明写此界线）；所测为 6 种商用修补材料之一，非市售品项全覆盖；本卡未引用其品牌间优劣结论
  • F14｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 26877726，体外材料学研究）｜period: 2015 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「the mechanical strength of acrylic resin is not adequate for long-term clinical performance of dentures. Consequently, fracture is a common clinical occurrence, which often develops in the midline of the denture base.」｜caveat: 该句为研究之背景陈述、非其实验结果；本卡未引用其各补强材料之弯曲强度结果，亦不作任何修补方式之建议
  • F15｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 31118360，文献回顾）｜period: 检索 2018-11，2019 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Interim restoration protects abutment teeth and periodontal tissues until prosthetic treatment ends with the fabrication of a definitive prosthesis, restores and maintains the functions and morphology of the stomatognathic system, and preserves the occlusal contact relationship.」「However, because interim restorations are used only briefly, their importance in ensuring the success of definitive prostheses is often overlooked.」｜caveat: 叙述性回顾（Review pubtype），非统合分析；范围限臼齿区之临时修复体；本卡引用其功能定位陈述，不作临床处置指示
  • F16｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 33495043，前瞻临床研究，12 年追踪）｜period: 2022 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to analyze the mechanical and biologic behavior of zirconia partial FDPs in the anterior region over a 12-year follow-up period.」「Five FDPs had biologic complications (3 with secondary caries, 1 with periapical pathology, 1 with periodontal disease) and 9 had mechanical complications (7 with chipping and 2 with decementation).」「Five FDPs had to be replaced because of complete failure, the most frequent cause of failure being secondary caries (P=.003).」｜caveat: 样本为 27 件前牙区饰瓷氧化锆牙桥之单中心研究，样本小且人群限定（前牙区、单一材质），不可外推至所有牙桥；本卡未引用其存留率数值
  • F17｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 41650383，系统性回顾与统合分析）｜period: 检索 2014-01 至 2024-12，2026-02-06 线上先行刊出＝本卡牙桥并发症面向检索日期较新之现行版本（同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-23 卡 F19）｜geo: universal｜span: 「A systematic search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL (January 2014 to December 2024) identified relevant studies.」「In total, 41 studies, including 600 metal-ceramic and 1,532 all-ceramic FDPs, met the inclusion criteria.」「Overall, 71.0% of restorations remained complicationfree after 5 years.」「All-ceramic FDPs had higher rates of marginal caries and loss of retention than metalceramic FDPs.」｜caveat: 线上先行刊出版（online ahead of print），页码未定；为牙支撑多单位牙桥之人群层级估计，不可推估个别修复体；本卡正文仅引用「边缘龋齿与固持力丧失并列」之定性结论与纳入研究数，未引用各材质存留率
  • F18｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 36266078，5 年回溯临床研究）｜period: 2016-01 至 2017-06 收案，平均追踪 62.8 个月，2022 刊出｜geo: universal（中国单一医学中心）｜span: 「Seventy-four patients, 25 men and 49 women with age of (38.8±10.2) years, participated in this study for a total of 101 CAD/CAM ceramic endocrowns after observation period of (62.8±12.0) months.」「There were 8 failed cases among 101 restorations, 5 were loss of retention, 2 were ceramic fracture and 1 was secondary caries respectively.」｜caveat: 单中心回溯研究、样本 101 件，且人群限定为根管治疗后臼齿之陶瓷嵌体冠，不可外推至所有牙冠；本卡仅引用其失败型态之组成，未引用其存留率
  • F19｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 34876103，回溯资料库研究）｜period: 2015-03 至 2020-06 资料，2021 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Ceramic fracture in both FPDs and SCs (27.6% and 26.6%, respectively) and debonding in Vs (12.7%) were significant as the main reasons for failure (P = 0.000).」｜caveat: 资料来源为单一私人牙科中心之通报资料库、由牙医师自行登录，通报型资料有低估与选择偏误；所有修复体皆为同一种二矽酸锂材料，不可外推至其他材质；本卡未引用其存留率数值
  • F20｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 38949036，系统性回顾与统合分析；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-23 卡 F16）｜period: 2024 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「The prognostic tooth-related factors mentioned in the included studies were (i) remaining coronal tooth structure, (ii) ferrule, (iii) crown-to-root ratio (iv) tooth type and location (v) periodontal disease (vi) proximal contacts and (vii) cracks.」｜caveat: 预后因素部分为纳入研究之叙述性整理、非统合估计；纳入研究多为回溯性设计；齿裂（cracks）在本条是「预后因素清单」上的一项，不是 F16／F17／F18／F19 那几份失败统计表上的失败型态，两者性质不同、不得合并叙述（2026-08-06 CX 对抗审指出原稿在 FAQ 合并，已改写）
  • F21｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 34530058，系统性回顾与统合分析；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-23 卡 F17）｜period: 检索 2021-07，2021 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Failures for 0 remaining walls were 23% (95% CI = 10% - 36%) and for one remaining wall 15% (CI: 3% -26%), irrespective of follow-up times.」｜caveat: 人群限定＝以纤维柱心加单颗牙冠修复之根管治疗后牙齿；本卡正文仅作方向性摘述、未引用其数值，完整读法 canonical 在 KM-DENTAL-11
  • F22｜confidence: verified｜basis: clinical_guideline（PMID 29926939，2017 World Workshop 委托之叙述性回顾；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-23 卡 F24）｜period: 2018 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Placement of restoration margins within the junctional epithelium and supracrestal connective tissue attachment can be associated with gingival inflammation and, potentially, recession.」「Procedures adopted for the fabrication of dental restorations and fixed prostheses have the potential to cause traumatic loss of periodontal supporting tissues.」｜caveat: 叙述性回顾、非统合分析；原文情境为牙医师制作修复体之过程，本卡以此说明「位置与边缘是牙周变因」，未将其直接等同于自行黏著之后果
  • F23｜confidence: verified｜basis: peer_reviewed（PMID 34784027，伞状回顾 umbrella review，纳入 18 篇系统性回顾）｜period: 检索 2000-01 至 2020-08，2022 刊出｜geo: universal｜span: 「Eighteen systematic reviews were included in total」「Selective removal of carious tissue particularly in deep carious lesions has significantly reduced the risk of pulp exposure (77% and 69% risk reduction with one-step selective caries removal and stepwise excavation, respectively).」「Minimal Intervention Dentistry techniques, namely 38% SDF, HT, selective removal of carious tissue, and ART for single surface cavity, appear to be effective in arresting the progress of dentinal caries in primary teeth when compared to no treatment, or conventional restorations.」｜caveat: 人群为乳牙，且所有技术皆为牙医师在诊断后施行之处置；本条在本卡的用途是反向使用——用以说明本卡「不宣称自行黏著会把龋齿封起来继续恶化」的理由，不得被读成「自行封存病灶可行」
  • F24｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载医疗器材分类分级查询资料库，以关键字「黏附」与「cement」两路查询皆命中同一品项，逐栏读取代码、中英文名称、鉴别范围与等级）｜basis: official_statement（卫生福利部食品药物管理署委托建置之医疗器材分类分级查询资料库）｜period: 2026-08-06 查询现况｜geo: TW｜span: 代码 F.3275「牙科用水泥(士敏汀)」（Dental cement），鉴别范围逐字：「牙科用水泥(士敏汀)用于作为牙齿的暂时性填补；或作为黏附暂时性牙科补缀物及牙冠或牙桥等牙科器材的基底层；或涂于牙齿上用来保护牙髓。此器材一般是由氧化锌－丁香酚(zinc oxide-eugenol)组成。(1)第一等级: 主要作用成分为氧化锌－丁香酚；(2)第二等级: 主要作用成分非为氧化锌－丁香酚。」等级栏「1,2」，特定的管理规定栏「简化审查(符合性声明书), 制造厂精要模式」｜caveat: 该资料库页面自载「本網站為衛生福利部食品藥物管理署委託建置維護，內容僅供參考，如有差異以衛生福利部食品藥物管理署公告為準」；分类品项之鉴别范围是器材的用途描述，不是临床适应症判定，本卡不作法规适用判断
  • F25｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载同一资料库，关键字「牙冠」查得 15 笔，逐笔读取）｜basis: official_statement（同 F24 来源）｜period: 2026-08-06 查询现况｜geo: TW｜span: 代码 F.3330「成型牙冠」（Preformed crown），鉴别范围逐字：「成型牙冠是由塑胶或由奥氏体(Austenitic)合金或含有75%以上黄金和铂系金属制成的成型器材，用于暂时附于被切削或破坏的自然牙冠(正常牙齿突出于牙龈上的部位)上，作为恢复功能之用，直到永久牙冠做好为止。此器材也可作为严重腐化的乳牙的恢复功能之用，直到恒牙长出为止。」等级栏「1」｜caveat: 同 F24；成型牙冠与诊间或技工室制作之临时冠不完全等同，本卡引用其用途描述以说明「临时性修复体的定位」，非品项推荐
  • F26｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载同一资料库，关键字「假牙黏著剂」查得 6 笔、关键字「胶合」另查得 F.3400，逐笔读取；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-31 卡 F31）｜basis: official_statement（同 F24 来源）｜period: 2026-08-06 查询现况｜geo: TW｜span: 假牙黏著剂相关品项含 F.3400、F.3410、F.3420、F.3450、F.3480、F.3490、F.3500；各品项鉴别范围均载明其用途为「在假牙放入患者口腔之前涂于假牙基底以增加假牙之固持性和舒适性」（F.3400 之鉴别范围逐字：「梧桐胶合硼酸钠(含或不含阿拉伯树胶)是含有梧桐胶和硼酸钠但不一定含有阿拉伯树胶之器材，用于在假牙放入患者口腔之前涂于假牙基底以增加假牙之固持性和舒适性。」）｜caveat: 同 F24；本条仅用以对照「用途写的是可摘义齿的固持与舒适」，不作任何产品之合法性判定，也不推荐或评价任何品牌；黏著剂之选用与使用方法 canonical 在 KM-DENTAL-31
  • F27｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载全国法规资料库、条文逐字比对；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-31 卡 F32）｜basis: law｜period: 现行条文｜geo: TW｜span: 《医疗器材管理法》第 25 条第 1 项「制造、输入医疗器材，应向中央主管机关申请查验登记，经核准发给医疗器材许可证后，始得为之。但经中央主管机关公告之品项，其制造、输入应以登录方式为之。」｜caveat: 条文引述，非法律意见；个别产品之管理方式以主管机关公告为准
  • F28｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 自 www-ws.gov.taipei 下载该表 PDF，HTTP 200、411,466 bytes，以 pdftotext -layout 抽取文字层后逐字比对）｜basis: official_statement（台北市政府卫生局核定之「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」，核定日期 109 年 1 月 17 日、核定字号北市卫医字第 1093010058 号；同锚＝本站 KM-DENTAL-03／11／13／23 卡）｜period: 该核定版本现况｜geo: TW｜span: 项次 2-51 诊疗项目「固定假牙粘著」「(每支台齿)」，单位「每颗牙」；公告内容栏逐字「1.本项费用包含操作技术费。」「2.不含诊疗费用。」「3.不包含牙体技术师/士费用。」「4.依黏著材料不同而有所差异。」｜caveat: 仅台北市一县市之核定版本，其他县市另行公告；本卡不转载表内任何金额。撷取方式声明：该表为 PDF 表格，同一储存格内容在文字层依栏宽换行（「固定假牙粘著」与「(每支台齿)」分属两行、单位「每颗」「牙」亦分行），本条所列为还原同一储存格后之完整内容，各片段已逐段比对命中；以整串直接搜寻会因换行而查无，不代表不符
  • F29｜confidence: verified（同 F28 之 PDF 与抽取方式）｜basis: official_statement（同 F28 来源）｜period: 同 F28｜geo: TW｜span: 项次 2-31 诊疗项目「治疗性暂时冠」，单位「每颗牙」；公告内容栏逐字「1.本项费用包含基本印模、调整及操作技术费用。」「2.不含诊察费用。」「3.使用特殊仪器及器械需另外收费。」「4.本项费用包含牙体技术师/士费用。」「5.依使用材料及制作方式不同而有所差异。」「6.不含修补费用。」｜caveat: 同 F28；「治疗性暂时冠」为收费分类名称，非医学定义条文
  • F30｜confidence: verified（同 F28 之 PDF 与抽取方式）｜basis: official_statement（同 F28 来源）｜period: 同 F28｜geo: TW｜span: 项次 2-44「义齿衬底」单位「每单颚」，公告内容栏含「3.依部分活动或全义齿、衬底材料等不同而有所差异。」；项次 2-45「义齿托板自凝树脂修复」单位「每单颚每次」，公告内容栏含「4.依义齿拖板损坏程度、修复方式、材料等不同而有所差异。」；项次 2-46「义齿修复」单位「每颗牙」，公告内容栏含「4.依人工牙齿材质不同而有所差异。」｜caveat: 同 F28；原 PDF 文字层于 2-45 之公告内容栏印为「义齿拖板」（项目名称栏为「义齿托板自凝树脂修复」），本条照录原文用字，未代为更正；本卡不转载表内任何金额，费用组成 canonical 在 KM-DENTAL-13
  • F31｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载全国法规资料库、条文逐字比对；同锚＝本站多卡）｜basis: law｜period: 现行条文｜geo: TW｜span: 《全民健康保险法》第 51 条「下列項目不列入本保險給付範圍：……十一、義齒、義眼、眼鏡、助聽器、輪椅、拐杖及其他非具積極治療性之裝具。」｜caveat: 条文引述，非法律意见；个别诊疗项目之给付与否以健保署现行公告为准，本卡不作给付判定
  • F32｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载全国法规资料库、条文逐字比对；同锚＝本站多卡）｜basis: law｜period: 现行条文｜geo: TW｜span: 《医疗法》第 81 条「醫療機構診治病人時，應向病人或其法定代理人、配偶、親屬或關係人告知其病情、治療方針、處置、用藥、預後情形及可能之不良反應。」｜caveat: 条文引述，非法律意见
  • F33｜confidence: verified（2026-08-06 以 ego-browser 实载全国法规资料库、条文逐字比对；同锚＝本站多卡）｜basis: law｜period: 现行条文｜geo: TW｜span: 《医疗法》第 87 条「广告内容暗示或影射医疗业务者，视为医疗广告。医学新知或研究报告之发表、病人卫生教育、学术性刊物，未涉及招徕医疗业务者，不视为医疗广告。」｜caveat: 条文引述，非法律意见；本卡之卫教定位依此条
  • F34｜confidence: verified（2026-08-05 由 OP 以 ego-browser 亲验，下拉选单类别逐项读取；本卡未重复实测，沿用 km-compliance/VERIFIED-FACTS.md 之跨卡已验事实）｜basis: official_statement｜period: 2026-08-05 查证现况｜geo: TW｜span: 卫生福利部中央健康保险署「醫材比價網」之两个查询轨（自付差额医材比价、医材收费比价）品项分类皆不含牙科，页面全文无「牙」字｜caveat: 本卡未重复实测；官方资料库可能更新，引用时请注明查证日期。牙科自费费用之查证管道为各县市卫生局核定之牙科收费标准与院所书面报价
  • F35｜confidence: n/a｜basis: 证据缺口声明（editorial，非待验）｜period: 2026-08-06｜geo: universal｜span: 本次检索未取得可引用证据、故本卡不写的项目：①任何金额、区间或行情 ②「牙套掉了几天内必须回诊」之时效数字 ③重新黏著后的存留率或使用年限 ④牙冠或牙桥脱落在台湾的发生率统计 ⑤「自行黏著」与「不黏著」之头对头比较研究 ⑥牙冠脱落后牙齿敏感程度之量化资料｜caveat: 本条为证据缺口之诚实揭露，非待验 claim；日后若取得可引用来源，须完成三件齐查证后才可补写

来源清单

取用日期均为 2026-08-06。PubMed 条目以 E-utilities efetch（rettype=abstract）取得摘要原文逐字对照，并以 esummary 之 pubtype 逐笔检查撤回状态（20 笔全数无 Retracted Publication 标记、无 WITHDRAWN 标题）；IADT 指引以 ego-browser 自 Wiley 开放取用全文实测取回并留存文字档；法规与主管机关页面以 ego-browser 实载并逐字比对；台北市牙科收费标准表以 curl 下载 PDF（HTTP 200、411,466 bytes）后以 pdftotext -layout 抽取文字层比对 [F28]。

  1. Daniels J, Oremule B, Tsang W, Khwaja S. A 10-Year Review of the Complications Caused by Ingested and Aspirated Dentures. Ear Nose Throat J. 2021;100(8):574-580. PMID 32293908
  2. De Wilde BA, et al. Dental prosthesis aspiration: An uncommon cause of respiratory distress. Acta Clin Belg. 2016;71(6):444-447. PMID 27141998
  3. Hisanaga R, et al. Survey of accidental ingestion and aspiration at Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital. Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2010;51(2):95-101. PMID 20689240
  4. Lee JH. Design concept for preventing aspiration or ingestion of CAD-CAM crowns: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent. 2020;123(2):220-222. PMID 31153613
  5. Birk M, et al. Removal of foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract in adults: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy. 2016;48(5):489-496. PMID 26862844
  6. Firth AL, Moor J, Goodyear PW, Strachan DR. Dentures may be radiolucent. Emerg Med J. 2003;20(6):562-563. PMID 14623855
  7. Jesani H, Hundle A, Nankivell P, Kalkat M. The long lost denture: a rare case of an acquired, non-malignant tracheo-oesophageal fistula. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2024;19(1):621. PMID 39497187
  8. Marei AH, et al. Jejunal Perforation Caused by Accidental Denture Swallowing: A Case Report. Cureus. 2026;18(1):e101060. PMID 41658801
  9. Winkler S, Wood R, Facchiano AM, Bergloff JF. Esthetics and super glue: a case report. J Oral Implantol. 2003;29(6):286-288. PMID 14719578
  10. Leavitt C, Boberick KG, Winkler S. Microtensile bond strength of resin-resin interfaces after 24-hour and 2-month soaking. J Oral Implantol. 2007;33(5):310-314. PMID 17987865
  11. Heidari B, et al. Flexural Strength of Cold and Heat Cure Acrylic Resins Reinforced with Different Materials. J Dent (Tehran). 2015;12(5):316-323. PMID 26877726
  12. Miura S, et al. Importance of interim restorations in the molar region. J Oral Sci. 2019;61(2):195-199. PMID 31118360
  13. Solá-Ruiz MF, et al. Clinical outcomes of veneered zirconia anterior partial fixed dental prostheses: A 12-year prospective clinical trial. J Prosthet Dent. 2022;127(6):846-851. PMID 33495043
  14. Romandini P, Pjetursson BE, et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Survival, the Failure and the Complication Rates of Metal-Ceramic, Veneered and Monolithic All-Ceramic Tooth-Supported Multiple-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses. Int J Prosthodont. 2026 Feb 6 (online ahead of print). PMID 41650383
  15. Kuang JX, et al. A 5-year retrospective study of computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing ceramic endocrowns in endodontically treated posterior teeth. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022;57(10):1043-1047. PMID 36266078
  16. Abdulrahman S, et al. Evaluation of the clinical success of four different types of lithium disilicate ceramic restorations: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):625. PMID 34876103
  17. The tooth survival of non-surgical root-filled posterior teeth and the associated prognostic factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J. 2024. PMID 38949036
  18. Influence of remaining axial walls on of root filled teeth restored with fibre posts and single crowns: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J. 2021;54(11). PMID 34530058
  19. Ercoli C, Caton JG. Dental prostheses and tooth-related factors. J Periodontol. 2018;89 Suppl 1:S223-S236. PMID 29926939
  20. BaniHani A, et al. Minimal intervention dentistry for managing carious lesions into dentine in primary teeth: an umbrella review. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2022;23(5):667-693. PMID 34784027
  21. Day PF, et al. International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition. Dent Traumatol. 2020;36(4):343-359. PMID 32458553
  22. 医疗器材分类分级查询资料库（卫生福利部食品药物管理署委托建置维护）
  23. 医疗器材管理法 第 25 条（全国法规资料库）
  24. 全民健康保险法 第 51 条（全国法规资料库）
  25. 医疗法 第 81 条（全国法规资料库）
  26. 医疗法 第 87 条（全国法规资料库）
  27. 台北市政府卫生局－收费标准：「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」(1090117核定)
  28. 跨卡已验事实：`km-compliance/VERIFIED-FACTS.md`（健保署醫材比價網不含牙科，2026-08-05 OP 亲验）
  29. 内部数据：`analysis/reports/km-dental-backlog.md` #38 附录（词×站×曝光逐笔可对帐）
  30. 编辑框架与证据缺口：本站四路分流、红旗编排与不写清单（无外部来源，标示为结构性整理）

内部引用链

  • 假牙黏著剂的类型、效果与使用限制：假牙黏著剂怎么选？可以黏多久？（KM-DENTAL-31）——分工声明：黏著剂的品项分类、剂型比较、效果时长与含锌风险属该卡的 canonical 范围，本卡只在「用途不同」这一点上引用，不重写。
  • 牙冠是什么、什么情况需要做：假牙牙套（牙冠套）是什么？缺牙能做牙套吗？（KM-DENTAL-23）——分工声明：牙冠的定义、适应症与名词对照属该卡的 canonical 范围，本卡不重写。
  • 真牙（不是假牙）掉了的急症分流：牙齿突然掉了一颗怎么办？（KM-DENTAL-30）——分工声明：外伤性牙齿脱落的现场处置、保存介质与时效属该卡的 canonical 范围，本卡不重写；本卡处理的是修复体（假牙、牙冠、牙桥）脱落。
  • 牙冠的费用组成与变因：做一颗牙冠（假牙牙套）要多少钱？（KM-DENTAL-11）
  • 可摘义齿的费用、衬底与维护：可摘义齿要多少钱？（KM-DENTAL-13）
发布闸门提醒：本卡为 draft。四语（zh-Hans／en／ja）未产前不得进 km_entries；F34 为沿用之跨卡已验事实（本卡未重复实测），发布前若制度页面有更新须重验。

FAQ

牙套掉了，可以先用假牙黏著剂或三秒胶黏回去吗？
**不建议。** 台湾主管机关的医疗器材品项表中，「假牙黏著剂」各品项的鉴别范围写的是涂于假牙基底以增加假牙之固持性和舒适性 [F26]，把牙冠或牙桥黏回牙齿上则属于「牙科用水泥(士敏汀)」这一类品项的用途 [F24]——两者不是同一件事。至于家用强力胶，文献中的个案报告纪录是不建议自行使用，因为可能对硬组织与软组织造成不良反应 [F12]。更根本的理由是：文献的失败统计把固持力丧失与继发龋、陶瓷断裂并列记录 [F16][F17][F18][F19]；**齿裂则不在这几份失败统计的同一张表上，它是另一份系统性回顾所列的预后因素，与剩余齿质、环箍等条件同属一组，性质不同** [F20]——**这不等于「掉了就一定有龋齿」，而是说这些可能性需要检查才能分开** [F2]。请把掉下来的东西收好、带去诊所。
クラウンが外れた。まず義歯接着剤や瞬間接着剤で戻してよい？ — **勧めません。** 台湾当局の医療機器品目表では、義歯接着剤は義歯床に塗って維持と快適性を増す用途です [F26]。クラウン又はブリッジを歯へ接着する用途は「牙科用水泥(士敏汀)」に記載されます [F24]。同じものではありません。家庭用強力接着剤については、症例報告が硬組織・軟組織の有害反応の可能性から自己使用を勧めません [F12]。失敗記録では維持力喪失、続発う蝕、セラミック破折が並列しています [F16][F17][F18][F19]。一方、亀裂は残存歯質やフェルールと同じ予後因子リストの項目で、これら失敗統計の同じ表の失敗型ではありません [F20]。脱落が必ずう蝕を意味するのではなく、可能性を診察で分ける必要があるという意味です。外れた物を保管し、診療所へ持参してください。
Can I first use denture adhesive or superglue to put a crown back? — **Not advised.** Taiwan's device records describe denture adhesive as applied to a denture base for retention and comfort [F26], while attaching crowns or bridges to teeth falls within the described use of dental cement [F24]. They are not the same thing. The superglue case report discourages self-use because of possible adverse reactions in hard and soft tissues [F12]. More fundamentally, failure records place loss of retention beside secondary caries and ceramic fracture [F16][F17][F18][F19]. Cracks are different: they are a prognostic-factor list item in another systematic review alongside remaining tooth structure and ferrule, not a failure form in those same tables [F20]. This does not mean a fallen crown certainly means caries; it means the possibilities need examination. Keep the item and take it to the clinic.
我不小心把牙套吞下去了，要紧吗？
**先看呼吸：如果咳个不停、喘、呼吸困难、讲不出话或胸痛，立刻就医，不要先读完这一段** [F4][F11][F2]。**没有这些症状的话，接下来的判断仍然要让医师做，不是自己做。** 欧洲消化内视镜学会指引建议依病史与症状进行诊断评估；对于吞入钝形小物件且无症状者，可采临床观察而不需内视镜取出（电池与磁铁除外），可行时门诊处理即为适当；但对造成完全食道阻塞的异物与位于食道的尖锐物，建议紧急（2 小时内、至迟 6 小时内）施行治疗性内视镜，其他食道异物则建议 24 小时内施行 [F7]。文献回顾亦记录，症状持续超过 1 天或吞入后超过 4 天才取出，与并发症发生率上升显著相关 [F3]。若出现吞咽困难或吞不下去 [F7]，或腹痛、呕吐、便秘 [F10]，请直接就医。**胸口或喉咙持续疼痛本卡也一并列入，但那是本站保守取向的编辑政策、不是上述来源逐字列出的判准** [F2]。
誤ってクラウンを飲み込んだ。大丈夫？ — **まず呼吸を見てください。せきが止まらない、喘鳴、息苦しさ、話せない、胸痛があれば、ここを読み終える前に直ちに受診してください** [F4][F11][F2]。これらがなくても、次の判断は自分ではなく医師が行います。ESGE は病歴・症状による評価を勧め、鈍い小物を飲み込み無症状なら観察を認めます（電池・磁石を除く）。ただし完全食道閉塞、食道内鋭利物では緊急内視鏡を、可能なら 2 時間以内、遅くとも 6 時間以内に、ほかの食道異物では 24 時間以内に勧めます [F7]。症例報告レビューでは症状 1 日超又は誤飲後除去 4 日超が合併症率上昇と有意に関連しました [F3]。嚥下困難・嚥下不能 [F7]、腹痛、嘔吐、便秘 [F10] があれば直ちに受診してください。胸・喉の持続痛も本記事は含めますが、これは保守的な編集方針で、上記資料の逐語の判定ではありません [F2]。
I accidentally swallowed my crown. Is it serious? — **Check breathing first: if you are coughing continuously, wheezing, short of breath, unable to speak, or have chest pain, seek medical care immediately—do not finish reading first** [F4][F11][F2]. If those symptoms are absent, the next assessment is still for a clinician, not you. ESGE recommends assessment from history and symptoms; asymptomatic ingestion of a blunt small object may be observed without endoscopic removal (except batteries and magnets), but complete oesophageal obstruction and sharp oesophageal objects need emergent endoscopy (within 2 hours if possible, no later than 6 hours), and other oesophageal foreign bodies need it within 24 hours [F7]. The case-report review associated symptoms over 1 day and removal over 4 days after ingestion with higher complication rates [F3]. Seek medical care for swallowing difficulty/inability [F7] or abdominal pain, vomiting, or constipation [F10]. Persistent chest or throat pain is also included here as conservative editorial policy, not a verbatim source criterion [F2].
假牙掉了找不到，需要去照 X 光吗？
**这要由医师决定，但「找不到」这件事一定要主动说。** 假牙基底材质常为透 X 光，平片可能看不到；文献记录，诊断吞入的假牙可能很困难，病人常只提供模糊病史与很少可靠的临床征象，加上假牙往往透 X 光，可能使诊断被忽略而造成严重后果 [F8]；另一份个案报告也记录，吞入的假牙因锐缘、大小与外形容易嵌顿于消化道，延迟就诊常源自缺乏明确吞入病史 [F9]。ESGE 指引对可能为 X 光可见物件或物件类型不明时，建议以平片评估其存在、位置、大小、形态与数量；怀疑穿孔或其他可能需手术的并发症时，建议电脑断层 [F7]。若出现呼吸道症状，请立即就医 [F4][F11]（两份来源的用语分别是「急性呼吸窘迫」[F4] 与「呼吸道症状」[F11]；咳嗽、喘、呼吸困难是本站对「呼吸道症状」的民众层次说法，属编辑用语 [F2]。[F11] 原文脉络为儿童乳牙外伤，本卡仅引其处置原则并保留原始条件；成人假牙吸入另有 [F4] 个案文献独立支撑）。
義歯が外れて見つからない。X 線を撮る必要がある？ — **決めるのは医師ですが、「見つからない」と必ず伝えてください。** 義歯床は X 線透過性で単純 X 線に写らないことがあります。文献は診断の困難さ、曖昧な病歴、信頼できる臨床所見の少なさ、見落とし、鋭縁・大きさ・形状による消化管嵌頓、明確な誤飲歴がないことによる受診遅延を記録します [F8][F9]。ESGE は X 線不透過物が疑われるか物の種類が不明なら単純 X 線で存在・位置・大きさ・形・数を評価し、穿孔又は手術を要し得る合併症が疑われるなら CT を勧めます [F7]。気道症状があれば直ちに受診してください [F4][F11]。IADT は乳歯外傷の資料であり、本記事は救急紹介原則だけを使います。成人の義歯誤嚥には F4 の独立した症例根拠があります。
The denture is missing. Do I need an X-ray? — **A clinician decides that, but you must actively say that it is missing.** Denture bases may be radiolucent and a plain film may not show them. Case reports describe difficult diagnosis, vague histories, few reliable signs, missed radiolucent dentures, sharp-edged impaction, and delay when there is no clear ingestion history [F8][F9]. ESGE recommends plain radiography when a radiopaque object is suspected or the type is unknown, and CT when perforation or another possible surgical complication is suspected [F7]. With respiratory symptoms, seek medical care immediately [F4][F11]. The IADT source is about primary-tooth trauma; its only use here is its route-to-emergency principle, while adult denture aspiration has independent case evidence [F4].

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km 編輯部・《假牙／牙套掉了，可以自己黏回去吗？｜證據鏈》・IDAEO 知識庫・2026-08-13・https://km.idaeo.ai/reports/dental-crown-fell-off-evidence

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更新 2026-08-13T14:17:05.266Z · server-rendered · four-language · IDAEO 知識庫