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Cats | Household Toxins and Hazards
The full contents of the "household toxins and hazards" column in the 12-column knowledge tree for cats. Where the original text could not obtain an authoritative figure, it leaves the field blank and states why; this site preserves that as-is and does not fill in numbers on its behalf. The disease column is published separately as vet/cat-common-diseases and is not repeated here.
This article is compiled from the cat chapter of the veterinary animal encyclopaedia. The same sign calls for different handling in different species, and copying what works for another species can do harm — first confirm which animal you are dealing with.
| Substance | Why it is especially dangerous to cats | Presentation | What to do immediately |
|---|---|---|---|
| **Lilies (*Lilium* and *Hemerocallis* spp., including pollen and vase water)** | Acute tubular necrosis specific to cats | Vomiting, drooling, dullness → renal failure within days | Seek care on contact, do not wait for signs; do not have lilies in a house with cats |
| Acetaminophen / paracetamol | Deficient glucuronidation (C-2) | Swelling of the face / paws, muddy-grey or brown mucous membranes, rapid breathing, liver injury | A very small amount can be lethal; seek care immediately |
| Human NSAIDs (ibuprofen / naproxen / aspirin, etc.) | Long half-life, renal and gastric toxicity | Vomiting (which may contain blood), not eating, renal failure | Seek care immediately; never give a cat any human painkiller on your own |
| Canine synthetic pyrethroid permethrin spot-ons | Cats cannot metabolise it | Tremors, seizures, abnormal body temperature, death | Seek care immediately; do nothing beyond rinsing, and keep the cat warm on the way |
| Essential oils and phenolic cleaners (tea tree, eucalyptus, citrus, pine, mint, wintergreen; cresol / phenolic floor cleaners) | Dermal absorption plus ingestion during grooming; passive exposure from diffusers | Drooling, weakness, hepatotoxicity, skin burns | Stop use and seek care; do not use diffusers or phenolic cleaners in a house with cats |
| Ethylene glycol antifreeze | Sweet-tasting, lethal renal failure at extremely low doses, with a very short golden window | Walking unsteadily as if drunk → vomiting → anuric renal failure | One of the most urgent of all; seek care immediately |
| Rodenticides (anticoagulant type / bromethalin / cholecalciferol) | Each type has a different mechanism and different handling | Bleeding / neurological signs / hypercalcaemic renal injury | Seek care immediately and take the packaging with you (the active ingredient determines the antidotal direction) |
| Slug bait (metaldehyde) | Strongly seizure-inducing | Tremors, seizures, hyperthermia | Seek care immediately |
| Allium species (onion, garlic, chives, spring onion, including powders and soups) | Oxidative haemolysis, Heinz bodies | Weakness, pale mucous membranes, dark urine | Seek care |
| Grapes and raisins | Clearly nephrotoxic in dogs; data in cats are limited but avoid entirely | Vomiting, renal injury | Seek care |
| Chocolate / caffeine / tea | Methylxanthines | Agitation, arrhythmia, seizures | Seek care |
| Xylitol | Clear in dogs, evidence in cats is limited but still avoid | — | Avoid contact |
| Alcohol, raw dough | Alcohol poisoning, gastric fermentation and distension | Weakness, abdominal distension | Seek care |
| Human topical medicines: 5-fluorouracil cream, oestrogen gel / patch, calcipotriol, corticosteroid-containing ointments | Poisoning from licking or rubbing against them; 5-FU is extremely lethal to cats | Vomiting, seizures, bone-marrow suppression | Seek care immediately; cover the skin after application and do not share a bed with the cat |
| Human psychiatric / cardiovascular / diabetes medications | Dropped on the floor, they get played with and swallowed | Varies by drug | Lock the pill box away; if ingested, seek care immediately and bring the pill box |
| Lead, zinc (coins, toys, plumbing fittings), button batteries | Heavy-metal poisoning / corrosive burns | Vomiting, anaemia, oral burns | Seek care immediately |
| Plants (other than lilies): sago palm, azalea, oleander, tulip and hyacinth bulbs, pothos / peace lily (oral irritation), ivy, monstera, cannabis and its products | Hepatotoxicity / cardiotoxicity / oral burns / neurological signs | Varies by species | Seek care and bring a photograph of the plant |
| String-like items: sewing thread, yarn, dental floss, hair ties, ribbon, Christmas tinsel, earphone cables | Linear foreign bodies saw through the intestine | Repeated vomiting, not eating | Do not pull; seek care immediately |
| Raw meat / raw fish | Salmonella, toxoplasma, thiaminase causing B1 deficiency | Gastroenteritis / neurological signs | Switch to a complete diet |
| Physical hazards | Unclosed washing machines and tumble dryers, drawers, balconies without screens, electrical cables, crush injuries from doors, high temperatures on glassed balconies, insecticide sprays and foggers, freshly mopped wet floors, fumes from dry-heated non-stick pans | — | Check them off one by one (see the safety row in column 3) |
General rule for poisoning: ① do not induce vomiting yourself (emesis in cats must be performed by a veterinarian) ② do not give milk / oil / salt on your own ③ bring the packaging, the ingredient label, the plant itself or a photograph with you ④ note down the approximate time ⑤ the telephone numbers of 24-hour animal emergency and poison-advice lines in your area 【depends on locality, and this file does not supply specific numbers — this is region-specific information and belongs to the do-not-fill category】; ask your local animal hospital or animal poison advice centre and write it on the fridge in advance.
The content above is copied cell by cell from the encyclopaedia chapter text, without rewriting or condensing; treatment direction is given only by category, with no drug names or dosages, and medication must be prescribed by a veterinarian.
The limits of this content
The content of this article comes from the cat chapter of the veterinary encyclopaedia (the original location and content hash are given in the evidence chain). The sources at the end are the authoritative material cited by that chapter, a chapter-level correspondence. This is educational information and cannot replace the diagnosis and prescription of a practising veterinarian; in an emergency, seek care immediately. This article has not been clinically reviewed by a named veterinarian.
FAQ
- What should be noted about lilies (*Lilium* and *Hemerocallis* spp., including pollen and vase water) for cats?
- Acute tubular necrosis specific to cats | Vomiting, drooling, dullness → renal failure within days | Seek care on contact, do not wait for signs; do not have lilies in a house with cats。
- What should be noted about acetaminophen / paracetamol for cats?
- Deficient glucuronidation (C-2) | Swelling of the face / paws, muddy-grey or brown mucous membranes, rapid breathing, liver injury | A very small amount can be lethal; seek care immediately。
- What should be noted about Human NSAIDs (ibuprofen / naproxen / aspirin, etc.) for cats?
- Long half-life, renal and gastric toxicity | Vomiting (which may contain blood), not eating, renal failure | Seek care immediately; never give a cat any human painkiller on your own。
Source anchors
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- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/resting-heart-rates · Other citations on IDAEO
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/resting-respiratory-rates · Other citations on IDAEO
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/reference-values-and-conversion-tables/reference-guides/normal-rectal-temperature-ranges · Other citations on IDAEO
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- PMC 全文|貓章引用 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10459272/ · Other citations on IDAEO
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- AAFP 貓科醫學會|貓章引用 · https://catvets.com/2022-aafp-everycat-feline-infectious-peritonitis-diagnosis-guidelines · Other citations on IDAEO
- AAFP 貓科醫學會|貓章引用 · https://catvets.com/resource/aaha-aafp-feline-life-stage-guidelines/ · Other citations on IDAEO
- WSAVA|貓章引用 · https://wsava.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Cat-Body-Condition-Scoring-2017.pdf · Other citations on IDAEO
Cite this article
Jane・《Cats | Household Toxins and Hazards》・IDAEO 知識庫・2026-08-13・https://km.idaeo.ai/post/vet/cat-household-toxinsUpdated 2026-08-15