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Can dental implants be claimed on insurance? National Health Insurance is a question of law; private insurance is a question of your own policy wording
Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act excludes dentures and other treatment equipment not required for positive therapy from cover, and that part has a statute you can look up. Whether a private policy pays is written in the terms of your own policy; this site does not interpret policy wording, does not judge individual cases, does not compare insurers and does not cite any claim outcome. What this card writes up is the part that can be verified: the statutory basis for what National Health Insurance excludes, which documents a treatment running over several months generates, the routes Taiwan's Medical Care Act and Physicians Act give you to obtain your records and certificates, which questions to put to your insurer before treatment, and the medical risks of implant treatment itself.
Can dental implants be claimed on insurance? National Health Insurance is a question of law; private insurance is a question of your own policy wording
Direct answer (60 characters or fewer in the source language)
Dentures and other treatment equipment not required for positive therapy are not covered by Taiwan's National Health Insurance [F1]; whether a private policy pays depends on your own policy terms - ask your insurer [F16]. This site does not interpret policy wording and does not judge individual cases.
Scope: This guide is specific to Taiwan's healthcare system (National Health Insurance and Taiwan's Medical Care Act). The institutional passages cite Taiwan statutes and information published by Taiwan official bodies; the clinical evidence passages cite international literature and are population-level research results that cannot be used to predict any individual's treatment outcome. This card gives no view on insurance claims. If you are treated or insured outside Taiwan, the institutional passages do not apply to you - follow local rules and the terms of your own policy.
Scope first: which "insurance" are you asking about?
The single word "insurance" hides two entirely different questions here, judged in entirely different ways [F16]:
- National Health Insurance (statutory insurance): what falls outside cover is enumerated by statute and announced by the competent authority. It is one publicly checkable set of rules [F1].
- Private insurance (a contract): the terms are written on your own policy, and no two people are holding the same one [F16].
This card can take question 1 all the way down to its statutory basis; for question 2 it only tells you what you can do yourself. This site does not judge whether any policy will pay, does not interpret policy wording, does not compare insurers, and cites no individual claim outcome [F16].
The National Health Insurance side: what the statute says
- Article 51 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act lists the items whose expenses are not covered by the Insurance. Subparagraph 11 reads "Dentures, artificial eyes, spectacles, hearing aids, wheelchairs, canes, and other treatment equipment not required for positive therapy" [F1].
- Subparagraph 10 of the same article also places "Transportation, registration fee, and certificate for the patient" outside cover [F2]. This matters particularly if you are making a claim: the certificate of diagnosis so often needed for a claim belongs to the "certificate" category the article lists. What it actually costs and how to apply for it is a question for the institution treating you (the scope of what counts as a "certificate" is determined by the competent authority and by institutional practice) [F2].
- Where do the fee standards for self-paid items come from? Article 21 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act provides that "Standards for medical fees charged by the medical care institution shall be determined by the municipal or county(city)competent authority" [F3]. So to check a fee, the route is the medical fee standard published by the health bureau of the county or city where you are treated (verified worked example: the dataset 「臺北市醫療收費標準」 on Taiwan's government open data platform, provided by the Taipei City Government Department of Health) [F4].
- Whether a particular item falls inside National Health Insurance cover is still governed by the National Health Insurance Administration's current announcements. This card makes no cover determination [F16].
⚠️ A known verification trap: neither of the two search tracks on the National Health Insurance Administration's medical device price comparison site contains any dental category. Self-paid dental items (dentures, crowns, implants, bone graft materials) cannot be verified through that site, and it should not be treated as a verification route for dental fees [F4].
The private insurance side: this site's boundary, and what you can obtain
Why "does an implant count as surgery" becomes a question at all
- On the clinical side: placing an implant is an invasive procedure that puts an artificial root into the alveolar bone, and the literature records complications related to anatomical position. One systematic review with meta-analysis, for example, stratified the occurrence of neurosensory alterations by the distance between the implant and the mandibular canal, found the observed proportions higher the closer the implant, and recommended that clinicians adopt precautions including meticulous preoperative planning and three-dimensional imaging (the figures and the stratification conditions are in the "Risk factors" section below) [F8]. Under Article 63 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act, a medical care institution performing surgery shall explain the reasons for the operation, the success rate and the possible complications and risks, obtain consent, and have the letter of consent for surgery and the letter of consent for anesthesia signed [F5].
- On the documents side: the name of the procedure on the medical side is written in the record, the treatment plan and the consent form; what your policy calls "surgery" is written in your policy terms. These are two documents produced by different people under different rules [F16].
- So this site's answer is: it depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer. This card draws no inference beyond its range, and will not tell you that a claim "should" or "should not" be paid [F16].
The query family for this topic also contains questions of the form 「理賠案例」 (claim cases) and "insurer name + 植牙理賠" (implant claim) [F17]. This card cites and comments on no individual claim outcome whatsoever - no two policies are the same [F16].
What you can settle yourself: ask the insurer first, then schedule the treatment
- Copy down the procedure names on your treatment plan (for example implant placement, bone augmentation, sinus floor elevation, crown), and take that list to your insurer's customer service or your own agent - not to your dentist [F16].
- Your dentist is responsible for diagnosis, treatment and the medical record; determinations about a claim come from your insurer's answer, and nothing said across the counter in a dental office replaces your policy terms [F16].
- If you want to check which policies you hold, or look up product information: 財團法人保險事業發展中心 (an insurance-sector foundation in Taiwan; Chinese name kept verbatim because this site has not verified its official English title) operates an insurance product enquiry platform searchable by company category, company name and insurance category, including health insurance and accident insurance [F21]. The website of 中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會 (the life insurance trade association of the Republic of China; Chinese name kept verbatim for the same reason) also lists an insurance passbook and a policy record enquiry among its common functions [F22].
- Institutionally, financial consumer disputes have a separate route: the Financial Ombudsman Institution, a foundation established with government funding under Taiwan's Financial Consumer Protection Act, provides a dispute resolution mechanism [F20]. This site adjudicates no case on anyone's behalf and gives no view on claims.
Treatment runs over several months and the paperwork will be scattered - managing that is your job
Implant treatment is not finished in one visit, and that directly shapes what documents you end up holding:
- A Cochrane systematic review states in its background that, to minimise the risk of implant failure after placement, implants are kept load-free for 3 to 8 months to establish osseointegration - that being conventional loading; the review defines loading times as immediate (within 1 week), early (between 1 week and 2 months) and conventional (after 2 months) [F11]. Which one applies to you is for a dentist to judge from your conditions.
- Implant treatment often comes with other procedures, and in the record and on the receipt those are separate items. The systematic review of the all-on-four concept states plainly that one purpose of the concept is to give an option to patients with an atrophic jaw who do not prefer regenerative (bone augmentation) procedures, because those procedures increase morbidity and the treatment fees [F12].
- Nor does it end when the work is done: a systematic review of single implant crowns with a mean follow-up of at least 5 years puts the 5-year cumulative incidence of technical complications at 8.8% for screw loosening, 4.1% for loss of retention and 3.5% for fracture of the veneering material [F19]. Events like these can occur a long time later, and whether to keep the paperwork from back then, and for how long, depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer [F16].
A practical habit: build yourself a simple timeline of the treatment, recording the date of each visit, the name of the procedure and which document you were given. Only you can do this, because the paperwork is spread across separate visits [F16].
Which documents the system entitles you to
All of the following are express provisions of statute, so they are things you can reasonably expect (this section states only how to obtain documents and touches no claim determination) [F16]:
- Receipt: Article 22 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act - "Receipts shall be made by medical care institutions for medical fees charged, which shall clearly state the item(s)and fee(s)" - and further that medical care institutions shall not violate or exceed the standard for the fees, nor charge for items without authorization [F6].
- Letter of consent for surgery and letter of consent for anesthesia: Article 63 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act - explanation must be given and consent signed before surgery is performed [F5].
- Being informed of your condition and course of treatment: Article 81 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act - when treating the patient, the medical care institution shall inform the patient of the condition, course of treatment, disposition, medication, expected condition, and possible ill effects [F7].
- A copy of your medical records: Article 71 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act - "Medical care institutions shall provide a copy of the patient's medical records or Chinese summary of medical records when necessary in accordance with the patient's requests, and shall not delay or refuse without cause. The fee for the copy of medical records shall be paid by the patient." [F9]
- A certificate of diagnosis: Article 17 of Taiwan's Physicians Act - "Unless there is a legal basis for doing so, a physician may not deny to issue a certificate of diagnosis, birth certificate, death certificate or stillbirth certificate." [F10] The content of the certificate is issued by the physician from what is in the record; certificates fall outside National Health Insurance cover under Article 51, subparagraph 10 of the National Health Insurance Act [F2], and the fee standard is the one published by your county or city health bureau [F3][F4].
Whether the documents above satisfy the requirements of your particular policy, and what else may be needed, depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer. This site pre-judges the effect of no document [F16].
Before you go: 5 questions for the clinic, 2 for your insurer
Ask the clinic (the treatment side):
- May I have a written treatment plan? Does it list the name of each procedure and the expected schedule?
- Will the receipt state the items and the fees? If billing is staged, will each stage get its own receipt? [F6]
- If I need a certificate of diagnosis, how do I apply, how long does it take, and how is the fee calculated? [F2][F3]
- Will a letter of consent for surgery and a letter of consent for anesthesia be signed before the operation? May I keep a copy? [F5]
- If I want a copy of my medical records or my imaging files, what is the procedure? [F9]
Ask your insurer (the claims side - do not put these two to your dentist) [F16]:
- Under my policy terms, what does each of these procedure names count as? Which documents do I need, and what has to appear on them?
- Is there a time limit for filing? Originals or copies? What is the process for supplying anything missing?
Risk factors (the medical risks to know before implant treatment)
Implant treatment involves surgery and carries medical risks and contraindications; whether it is indicated must be assessed by a dentist case by case. What follows is disclosure of medical risk and has no bearing on how your policy defines what it calls "surgery" [F16]:
- Peri-implant disease is a long-term risk: a systematic review with meta-analysis applying the 2017 World Workshop diagnostic criteria found a weighted mean prevalence of peri-implant mucositis of 63.0% at patient level and 59.2% at implant level, and of peri-implantitis 25.0% at patient level and 18.0% at implant level [F13]. The same study records that half of the included studies carried a high risk of bias.
- Neurosensory alteration is related to where the implant is placed: a systematic review with meta-analysis stratified by the distance between implant and mandibular canal found, in its study population, an incidence of neurosensory alterations of 68% where the distance was 0 to 1 mm and 53% where the implant intruded into the canal, while both strata at 1 mm or more were 0%. These are observed values under particular strata; they cannot be read as "far enough means it will not happen", and cannot be used to estimate an individual's risk. The study recommends that clinicians adopt precautions including meticulous preoperative planning and three-dimensional imaging [F8].
- Smoking: a systematic review with meta-analysis of 32 observational studies (59,246 implants at implant level, 14,115 patients at individual level) pooled 21 of them - cohort studies, at implant level - and found smoking associated with an increased risk of early implant failure (odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 2.08 to 3.23) [F14].
- Glycaemic control: a systematic review states that patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus more often develop peri-implantitis and, over the long term, show higher rates of implant loss, whereas under controlled conditions the rates are similar [F15]. A further systematic review published in 2026 likewise reports that diabetes, particularly when poorly controlled (HbA1c above 8%), was consistently associated with worse outcomes, while well-controlled patients (HbA1c at or below 7%) often had outcomes comparable to people without diabetes [F23].
- Technical complications can surface years later: the 5-year cumulative technical complications for single implant crowns are as set out above [F19].
All of the above are population-level research results and cannot be used to estimate any individual's treatment outcome; the actual treatment and its results vary from person to person and must be assessed by a dentist.
How to find a clinic that provides this service
This site lists no clinics and does not recommend, rate or compare any medical institution.
To find a clinic that provides this service, use the following official lookup channels yourself —
they are maintained by the competent authorities and are more current than any list:
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- The Ministry of Health and Welfare's medical-institution lookup: search by city or county,
township and specialty (dentistry) for institutions that have completed practice registration.
The results show the institution's name, address and registered specialty. This is the first place
to confirm whether a clinic is lawfully registered.
- The National Health Insurance Administration's contracted-institution lookup: check whether a
clinic is under contract with National Health Insurance. This determines which items are covered
and which are self-paid, and therefore what kind of fee explanation you will be given.
>
Both systems are on the respective authorities' official websites; searching for the
medical-institution lookup or the contracted-institution lookup will find them. This site does not
reproduce the URLs, because they change; use whichever entry point the authority currently publishes.
>
In an emergency, do not spend time looking up lists. If your breathing, swallowing or speech is
affected, or swelling is spreading, go to the nearest emergency department.
Chinese labels to look for on the official pages
These official systems, datasets and files are published in Chinese only. The English names above are this site's renderings; on the page itself you will see the following strings, so search for these:
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- 「醫事機構查詢」
- 「特約醫事機構查詢」
- 「特約院所查詢」
Compliance note
This is health education material within the meaning of Article 87 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act (publications of new medical knowledge or research results, and health education for patients, which do not involve solicitation for medical practices, shall not be regarded as advertisements for medical care) [F24]. It is not a medical advertisement, it recommends no particular institution, and it gives no amount and no price range. Implant treatment (prosthetic rehabilitation on artificial implants) involves surgery and carries medical risks and contraindications; this card's description of the nature of the procedure is disclosure of medical risk only and constitutes no determination of the meaning of any insurance policy wording. The actual treatment and its results vary from person to person and must be assessed by a dentist. This card gives no view on insurance claims, does not interpret policy wording, does not compare insurers and cites no individual claim outcome; every claims question depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer. The proportions and statistics cited here are population-level research results; they cannot be used to estimate any individual's treatment outcome and are no substitute for clinical diagnosis.
Every clinical statement in this article is mapped line by line to its cited source (see the sources and evidence chain below). It has not been clinically reviewed by a licensed practitioner. This is health information, not individual advice; assessment by a clinician is required.
FAQ
- Does National Health Insurance cover dental implants?
- **Dentures and similar "treatment equipment not required for positive therapy" are not covered, under Article 51, subparagraph 11 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act [F1].** Whether particular procedures inside a treatment plan are covered is governed by the National Health Insurance Administration's current announcements; this card makes no cover determination [F16].
- インプラントに健保(全民健康保険)の給付はありますか。 — **義歯など「積極的治療性を有しない装具」は、台湾の全民健康保険法第 51 条第 11 号により給付範囲に含まれません [F1]。** 治療計画のうち個別の処置が健保の給付対象かどうかは、健保署の現行告示によります。本カードは給付の判定を行いません [F16]。
- Does National Health Insurance cover dental implants? — **Dentures and similar "treatment equipment not required for positive therapy" are not covered, under Article 51, subparagraph 11 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act [F1].** Whether particular procedures inside a treatment plan are covered is governed by the National Health Insurance Administration's current announcements; this card makes no cover determination [F16].
- Does an implant count as "surgery"? Will private insurance pay?
- **It depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer [F16].** How your policy defines what it calls "surgery" is written in your terms; this site does not interpret policy wording and does not judge individual cases. What can be stated on the clinical side is this: before performing surgery, a medical care institution must give the explanation required by Article 63 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act and have the letter of consent for surgery and the letter of consent for anesthesia signed [F5].
- インプラントは「手術」に当たりますか。民間保険は支払われますか。 — **保険約款によります。引受保険会社にご確認ください [F16]。** 保険契約が自らいう「手術」をどう定義しているかは、あなたの約款に書かれています。当サイトは約款を解釈せず、個別事案も判断しません。臨床面で確実に言えるのは、手術の実施前に、医療機関は台湾医療法第 63 条に基づいて説明を行い、手術同意書および麻酔同意書に署名を得なければならないということです [F5]。
- Does an implant count as "surgery"? Will private insurance pay? — **It depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer [F16].** How your policy defines what it calls "surgery" is written in your terms; this site does not interpret policy wording and does not judge individual cases. What can be stated on the clinical side is this: before performing surgery, a medical care institution must give the explanation required by Article 63 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act and have the letter of consent for surgery and the letter of consent for anesthesia signed [F5].
- If a tooth was broken in an accident and then replaced with an implant, is the situation different?
- **Whether it is paid depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer [F16].** What is certain is that the reason a tooth was lost gets written into the record: a systematic review of the clinical reasons for extraction reports caries accounting for 36.0% to 55.3% of all extractions, periodontitis 24.8% to 38.1%, and trauma 0.8% to 4.4% [F18]. When you attend, set out clearly when the accident happened and what happened, so that it goes into the record and the certificate in full [F9][F10]; the content of those documents is issued by the physician from the record, and **what effect they have in a claims process is for your insurer to answer**.
- 事故で歯が折れた後にインプラントにした場合、状況は変わりますか。 — **支払われるかどうかは保険約款によります。引受保険会社にご確認ください [F16]。** 確実なのは、歯を失った原因は診療録に記録されるということです。抜歯の臨床的理由を集計したあるシステマティックレビューは、う蝕が全抜歯の 36.0% 〜 55.3%、歯周炎が 24.8% 〜 38.1%、外傷が 0.8% 〜 4.4% を占めると報告しています [F18]。受診の際は、事故が起きた時期と経緯を明確に伝え、診療録と診断書に漏れなく入るようにしてください [F9][F10]。書類の内容は診療録の記載に基づき医師が作成します。**その書類が保険金請求の手続きにおいてどの程度の効力を持つかは、引受保険会社の回答によります。**
- If a tooth was broken in an accident and then replaced with an implant, is the situation different? — **Whether it is paid depends on your policy terms - ask your insurer [F16].** What is certain is that the reason a tooth was lost gets written into the record: a systematic review of the clinical reasons for extraction reports caries accounting for 36.0% to 55.3% of all extractions, periodontitis 24.8% to 38.1%, and trauma 0.8% to 4.4% [F18]. When you attend, set out clearly when the accident happened and what happened, so that it goes into the record and the certificate in full [F9][F10]; the content of those documents is issued by the physician from the record, and **what effect they have in a claims process is for your insurer to answer**.
- Do I have to pay separately for a certificate of diagnosis?
- **Article 51, subparagraph 10 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act places "Transportation, registration fee, and certificate for the patient" outside cover [F2].** What it actually costs and how to apply is a question for the institution treating you; medical fee standards are determined by the municipal or county (city) competent authority [F3], and you can look up the version published by the health bureau where you are treated [F4]. This site lists no amounts.
- 診断証明書は別途費用がかかりますか。 — **台湾の全民健康保険法第 51 条第 10 号は「患者の交通費、受付料、証明文書」を給付範囲に含めない項目としています [F2]。** 実際の費用と申請方法は受診した医療機関にご確認ください。医療料金の基準は直轄市・県(市)の主管機関が認可し [F3]、受診する県市の衛生局が告示する版を参照できます [F4]。当サイトはいかなる金額も示しません。
- Do I have to pay separately for a certificate of diagnosis? — **Article 51, subparagraph 10 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act places "Transportation, registration fee, and certificate for the patient" outside cover [F2].** What it actually costs and how to apply is a question for the institution treating you; medical fee standards are determined by the municipal or county (city) competent authority [F3], and you can look up the version published by the health bureau where you are treated [F4]. This site lists no amounts.
- The insurer has asked me for more documents - what am I entitled to obtain?
- **Institutionally, you may request a copy of your medical records (Article 71 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act, with the fee paid by the patient) [F9], ask the physician to issue a certificate of diagnosis (Article 17 of Taiwan's Physicians Act) [F10], and the receipt should state the items and the fees (Article 22 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act) [F6].** Whether those documents are enough, and what else is needed, depends on your policy terms and your insurer's requirements [F16]. If a dispute follows, there is a separate institutional route: the Financial Ombudsman Institution, established under Taiwan's Financial Consumer Protection Act [F20]. This site adjudicates no case on anyone's behalf.
- 保険会社から追加書類を求められました。どの資料を入手できますか。 — **制度上、あなたは診療録の複製を求めることができ(台湾医療法第 71 条。費用は患者が負担)[F9]、医師に診断書の交付を求めることができ(台湾医師法第 17 条)[F10]、領収書には徴収項目と金額が記載されるべきです(台湾医療法第 22 条)[F6]。** それらの書類で足りるか、何を追加するかは、保険約款と引受保険会社の求めによります [F16]。その後に紛争が生じた場合、制度上は台湾の金融消費者保護法に基づいて設立された財団法人・金融消費評議中心(Financial Ombudsman Institution)という処理の仕組みがあります [F20]。当サイトはいかなる案件も代わりに判断しません。
- The insurer has asked me for more documents - what am I entitled to obtain? — **Institutionally, you may request a copy of your medical records (Article 71 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act, with the fee paid by the patient) [F9], ask the physician to issue a certificate of diagnosis (Article 17 of Taiwan's Physicians Act) [F10], and the receipt should state the items and the fees (Article 22 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act) [F6].** Whether those documents are enough, and what else is needed, depends on your policy terms and your insurer's requirements [F16]. If a dispute follows, there is a separate institutional route: the Financial Ombudsman Institution, established under Taiwan's Financial Consumer Protection Act [F20]. This site adjudicates no case on anyone's behalf.
Medical notice This article is provided for health education and medical information purposes. It is not a solicitation for medical services and does not constitute diagnosis or treatment advice. Actual treatment methods and outcomes vary between individuals and require evaluation by a dentist; every treatment has its own indications, limitations and possible risks. If you have related symptoms or treatment needs, please book a consultation for evaluation by a dentist.
Source anchors
- 全民健康保險法 第 51 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0060001&flno=51
- 醫療法 第 21 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=21
- 醫療法 第 22 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=22
- 醫療法 第 63 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=63
- 醫療法 第 71 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=71
- 醫療法 第 81 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=81
- 醫療法 第 87 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=87
- 醫師法 第 17 條(全國法規資料庫 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020001&flno=17
- 政府資料開放平臺:臺北市醫療收費標準(提供機關:臺北市政府衛生局 · https://data.gov.tw/dataset/121913
- 財團法人金融消費評議中心-成立宗旨 · https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Arti=32&Lang=1
- 財團法人保險事業發展中心-保險商品查詢 · https://insprod.tii.org.tw/Query.aspx
- 中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會(首頁常用功能含「保險存摺」「投保紀錄查詢」入口 · https://www.lia-roc.org.tw/
- Peña-Cardelles JF, et al. Inferior alveolar nerve damage related to dental implant placement. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40192114/
- Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Maghaireh H, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different times for loading dental implants. Cochrane… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23543525/
- Soto-Peñaloza D, et al. The all-on-four treatment concept: Systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(3):e474-e488. PMID 28298995 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298995/
- Reis INRD, et al. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis based on the world workshop criteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40523497/
- Fan YY, et al. Smoking in relation to early dental implant failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 2024;151:105396. PMID 39393606 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39393606/
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- Broers DLM, et al. Reasons for Tooth Removal in Adults: A Systematic Review. Int Dent J. 2022;72(1):52-57. PMID 33648772 · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33648772/
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km 編輯部・《Can dental implants be claimed on insurance? National Health Insurance is a question of law; private insurance is a question of your own policy wording》・IDAEO 知識庫・2026-08-13・https://km.idaeo.ai/dental/implant-insurance