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Will insurance pay for root-canal treatment? Is it covered by National Health Insurance? — National Health Insurance follows the current notice; private insurance follows your policy terms|證據鏈
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Will insurance pay for root-canal treatment? Is it covered by National Health Insurance? — National Health Insurance follows the current notice; private insurance follows your policy terms|證據鏈
F-Units (fact ledger)
Each entry gives source, confidence, basis, period, geo, and caveat. Basis hierarchy: law > official_statement > clinical_guideline > peer_reviewed > textbook.
- F1|confidence=high|basis=law (S1)|period=current text (loaded with ego-browser and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 41(1) of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: medical-service payment items and payment standards are jointly drafted by the insurer and representatives of relevant agencies, experts and scholars, insured persons, employers, and contracted healthcare providers, then submitted to the competent authority for approval and publication.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice; this card directs coverage questions to the current NHI Administration notice and does not determine individual coverage.
- F2 [partially verified]|confidence=high (page existence and file list)|basis=official_statement (S2)|period=loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; page title and four-item file list read verbatim|geo: TW|The National Health Insurance Administration's “National Health Insurance Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards” notice page offers current payment-standard files, including “Payment Standards compressed file (NHI Fee Schedule) (.doc) (effective 115.07.01)” and “Medical-service payment items (CSV files may be downloaded from the open-data platform from 114.08.11).”|caveat: this card did not download the payment-standard files and compare dental items one by one; the coverage status of each item in this topic therefore remains unverified, and this card makes no coverage determination. [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「全民健康保險醫療服務給付項目及支付標準」、「支付標準壓縮檔(NHI Fee Schedule)(.doc)(115.07.01生效)」、「醫療服務給付項目(114.08.11起可逕至資料開放平台下載CSV檔)」]
- F3|confidence=high|basis=official_statement (S3)|period=loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; title, provider, field description and update frequency matched verbatim (metadata displayed update time 2026-08-06 07:05)|geo: TW|Government open-data dataset “Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards (CSV)” (no. 174450), provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare National Health Insurance Administration. Main fields: procedure code, NHI payment points, effective start date, effective end date, English item name, Chinese item name, and notes; update frequency every 1 day.|caveat: this card verified only the dataset entry point, provider, and fields; existence in the list is not an individual coverage conclusion. [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「醫療服務給付項目及支付標準(csv檔)」]
- F4|confidence=high|basis=law (S4)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06; all 12 clauses obtained)|geo: TW|Article 51(10) of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: “patient transportation, registration and supporting documents.”|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice; the scope of “supporting documents” is for competent-authority and institutional practice, and this card only states that they are outside the benefit scope.
- F5|confidence=high|basis=law (S4)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 51(11) of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: dentures, artificial eyes, eyeglasses, hearing aids, wheelchairs, crutches and other appliances not of a positive therapeutic nature.|caveat: same checked anchor as VERIFIED-FACTS.md and KM-DENTAL-10/18/26; listing the statute is not an individual conclusion.
- F6|confidence=high|basis=law (S5)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 21 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: medical-fee standards charged by medical institutions are approved by the municipal or county (city) competent authority.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice.
- F7|confidence=high|basis=law (S6)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06; both provisions obtained)|geo: TW|Article 22 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: a receipt stating charge items and amounts must be issued for medical fees; medical institutions must not violate the fee standard, overcharge, or create charge items without authorization.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice.
- F8|confidence=high|basis=law (S7)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 63(1) of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: before surgery, the institution must explain the reason for surgery, surgical success rate or possible complications and risks, obtain consent, and have surgery and anesthesia consent forms signed, except in an emergency.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice; this institutional duty does not define “surgery” in any insurance contract (same approach as KM-DENTAL-10).
- F9|confidence=high|basis=law (S8)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 71 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: at the request of a patient it has treated, an institution must provide a copy of the medical record and, where necessary, a Chinese medical-record summary; it may not delay or refuse without cause, and the required cost is borne by the patient.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice.
- F10|confidence=high|basis=law (S9)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 81 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: when treating a patient, the institution must inform the patient or specified related persons of the condition, treatment plan, procedures, medication, prognosis, and possible adverse reactions.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice.
- F11|confidence=high|basis=law (S10)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06)|geo: TW|Article 17 of Taiwan's Physicians Act: unless a reason is provided by law, a physician may not refuse to issue a medical certificate, birth certificate, death certificate, or stillbirth certificate.|caveat: statutory restatement, not legal advice; the physician prepares a medical certificate from the record, and this card gives no advice on what it should say.
- F12|confidence=high|basis=law (S11)|period=current text (loaded and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06; both provisions obtained)|geo: TW|Article 87 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: content that implies or alludes to medical business is treated as medical advertising; publication of medical knowledge or research reports, patient health education, and academic publications that do not solicit medical business are not treated as medical advertising.|caveat: statutory basis for this card's compliance positioning.
- F13|confidence=high|basis=official_statement (S12/S13)|period=approved 1090117; both pages loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06 and titles/provider matched verbatim (data.gov.tw metadata displayed update time 2026-07-13)|geo: TW|Self-paid charge items follow fee standards approved by local health authorities. Checked example: Taipei City Department of Health page title “Taipei City Department of Health—Fee Standards—‘Taipei City Medical Institution Dental Fee Schedule’ (approved 1090117)” and open-data dataset 121913 “Taipei City Medical Fee Standards,” provider Taipei City Department of Health.|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-03/11/18/26; one-city example only, other counties and cities publish separately; this card cites no amount from it. [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「臺北市政府衛生局-收費標準-『臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」、「臺北市醫療收費標準」]
- F14|confidence=high|basis=official_statement (S14; fact verified on another card, same anchor)|period=tested with ego-browser on 2026-08-05 (OP re-verified)|geo: TW|Neither classification route in the National Health Insurance Administration's Medical Device Price Comparison Network contains dentistry; the full pages contain no Chinese character for “tooth,” so self-paid dental items cannot be checked there.|caveat: not retested by this card; uses the record in `km-compliance/VERIFIED-FACTS.md`; official databases can change, so cite the check date. [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「醫材比價網」]
- F15|confidence=high|basis=official_statement (S15; self-description of a statutory dispute-resolution institution)|period=page last updated 2023-09-07; loaded with ego-browser and matched verbatim on 2026-08-06|geo: TW|The Financial Ombudsman Institution's “Purpose of Establishment” page says it was established with government funding under that Act (the Financial Consumer Protection Act) to establish a financial-consumer dispute-resolution mechanism.|caveat: states only the institution's existence and legal basis; this card gives no opinion on any case outcome and recommends no specific action for an individual case.
- F16|confidence=high (for classifications and figures in the statistical table)|basis=official_statement (S16)|period=statistical interval 2026/1/1~2026/3/31 (year 115, quarter 1); PDF downloaded from the institution's site on 2026-08-06 and read verbatim with pdftotext -layout|geo: TW|Financial Ombudsman Institution table “115Q1 Life Insurance Industry—Claim Complaint Case Dispute-Type Statistics”: industry life-insurance claims, submission method unrestricted; 21 dispute types including “other,” 1,281 total cases; “surgical classification” 101 cases, 7.88%; “claim documents / medical-document classification” 61 cases, 4.76%.|caveat: ⚠️ this entry may only show that these dispute categories exist and are officially classified. (1) Its population is all life insurers and all medical items, not separated by specialty; it cannot infer any dental or root-canal proportion. (2) Complaint categories are not outcomes and do not show who is right in any case. (3) This card gives no opinion on any term, company, or case.
- F17|confidence=high (search entry and selectable conditions)|basis=official_statement (S17)|period=loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; search-page fields read verbatim|geo: TW|The Taiwan Insurance Institute “Insurance Product Search” page provides company category (all/property insurance/personal insurance), company-name menu, and keyword search; it says verbatim, “Step 1: you may directly enter a ‘keyword’ to search product names.”|caveat: only the search entry and selectable conditions were checked; search results were not tested. Finding a product name does not find the terms of your own policy or establish any product content. No company is named in this card.
- F18|confidence=high (terminology) / moderate (outcome conclusion)|basis=peer_reviewed (Cochrane systematic review, PMID 27759881)|period=2016 update (pub3; searched to 2016-02-10), superseding the 2007 version (pub2)|geo: universal|Root-canal retreatment is non-surgical; root-end resection is surgical; no clear superiority of surgery or non-surgery was found at one-year follow-up; available evidence cannot provide reliable clinical guidance.|span:「Root canal retreatment is a non-surgical procedure that involves removal of root canal filling materials from the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping and obturating of the canals.」「Root-end resection is a surgical procedure that involves exposure of the periapical lesion through an osteotomy, surgical removal of the lesion, removal of part of the root-end tip, disinfection and, commonly, retrograde sealing or filling of the apical portion of the remaining root canal.」「There was no clear evidence of superiority of the surgical or non-surgical approach for healing at one-year follow-up (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.35; two RCTs, 126 participants)」「Available evidence does not provide clinicians with reliable guidelines for treating periapical lesions.」|caveat: version/currentness check (run in PubMed on 2026-08-06): CD005511 returned only 2007 (PMID 17636803) and 2016 (PMID 27759881); this is the current version, and pubtype has no Retracted Publication. ⚠️ “surgical/non-surgical” is clinical terminology and must not be read as a determination of insurance-contract terminology. This card does not cite its procedure-comparison figures.
- F19|confidence=moderate|basis=peer_reviewed (systematic review, PMID 20117164)|period=searched to 2009-09; published 2010|geo: universal|All three included prospective studies concerned endodontic surgery; no outcome difference was detected among loupes, surgical microscopes, and endoscopes; no comparative study of magnification devices was found for orthograde (non-surgical) root-canal treatment.|span:「Three prospective studies were included, all dealing with endodontic surgery.」「No significant difference in outcomes was found among patients treated using magnifying loupes, surgical microscope or endoscope.」「No comparative study on magnification devices was found regarding orthograde endodontic treatment.」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-26 F5; the search window ended in 2009 and must be read with F20. This card uses only that magnification devices occur in surgical and non-surgical contexts and that non-surgical comparisons are absent; it does not use this as any efficacy claim.
- F20|confidence=high (for the conclusion that no trial qualified)|basis=peer_reviewed (Cochrane systematic review, PMID 26650099)|period=2015 update (pub3; searched to 2015-10-13), superseding 2009 version (pub2)|geo: universal|For magnification devices in endodontic therapy, no trial met inclusion criteria; how device type affects outcome remains unknown.|span:「No trials met the inclusion criteria for this review.」「It is unknown if and how the type of magnification device affects the treatment outcome, considering the high number of factors that may have a significant impact on the success of endodontic surgical procedure.」|caveat: version/currentness check (2026-08-06): CD005969 returned only 2009 (PMID 19588377) and 2015 (PMID 26650099); this is the current version. A 2016–2026 search for magnification devices and endodontic outcomes found no new meta-analysis superseding it. This is evidence of an evidence gap; it must not be read as “microscopes are ineffective.” Same anchor as KM-DENTAL-26 F4.
- F21|confidence=moderate (terminology)|basis=peer_reviewed (systematic review/meta-analysis, PMID 22152611)|period=searched to 2009-10; published 2012|geo: universal|In this study, endodontic microsurgery means root-end surgery using the same instruments and materials but high-power magnification from a surgical operating microscope or endoscope.|span:「The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of root-end surgery.」「The specific outcomes of contemporary root-end surgery techniques with microinstruments but only loupes or no visualization aids (contemporary root-end surgery [CRS]) were compared with endodontic microsurgery using the same instruments and materials but with high-power magnification as provided by the surgical operating microscope or the endoscope (endodontic microsurgery [EMS]).」|caveat: this card cites only the terminology, not comparative success figures. The study setting is surgery and must not be imported into non-surgical root-canal treatment. Same anchor as KM-DENTAL-26 F14.
- F22|confidence=high (definitions and indications) / moderate (outcome conclusion)|basis=peer_reviewed (Cochrane systematic review, PMID 36512807)|period=2022 update (pub4; searched to 2022-04-25), superseding 2007 and 2016 versions|geo: universal|Single visit: root-canal filling and sealing directly after instrumentation and irrigation. Multiple visits: completed in two or more sessions, with obturation at the final session. Main indications: irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis due to caries, coronal crack or fracture, or dental trauma. Included 47 studies, 5,805 participants, and 5,693 teeth analysed; no evidence that either schedule is more effective.|span:「RoCT can be carried out with a single-visit approach, which involves root canal system obturation (filling and sealing) directly after instrumentation and irrigation, or with a multiple-visits approach, in which the treatment is completed in two or more sessions and obturation is performed in the last session.」「The main indications for RoCT are irreversible pulpitis and necrosis of the dental pulp caused by carious processes, coronal crack or fracture, or dental trauma」「We included 47 studies with 5805 participants and 5693 teeth analysed.」「there is currently no evidence to suggest that one treatment regimen (single-visit or multiple-visit RoCT) is more effective than the other」|caveat: version/currentness check (2026-08-06): CD005296 returned 2007 (PMID 17943848), 2016 (PMID 27905673), and 2022 (PMID 36512807); this is the current version, with pubtype showing no Retracted Publication. Same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18. This card uses only definitions, indications, and the no-difference conclusion, not its pain-comparison figures.
- F23|confidence=high (for insufficient-evidence conclusion)|basis=peer_reviewed (Cochrane systematic review, PMID 26403154)|period=2015 update (pub3; searched to 2015-03-26), superseding 2012 version (pub2)|geo: universal|Endodontic treatment removes dental pulp and replaces it with root-canal filling; restoring root-filled teeth is challenging because they differ structurally from vital teeth; restoration choice depends on remaining tooth and may affect durability and cost; evidence is insufficient to assess crowns versus conventional fillings.|span:「Endodontic treatment involves removal of the dental pulp and its replacement by a root canal filling.」「Restoration of root filled teeth can be challenging due to structural differences between vital and non-vital root-filled teeth.」「The choice of restoration depends on the amount of remaining tooth, and may influence durability and cost.」「There is insufficient evidence to assess the effects of crowns compared to conventional fillings for the restoration of root-filled teeth.」|caveat: version/currentness check (2026-08-06): CD009109 returned only 2012 (PMID 22592736) and 2015 (PMID 26403154); this is the current version. It included only 1 trial and evidence quality was very low. Same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18; insufficient evidence does not mean the two are the same.
- F24|confidence=moderate (authors report high heterogeneity)|basis=peer_reviewed (systematic review/meta-analysis, PMID 20113779)|period=published 2010|geo: universal|26 studies included, 5,777 teeth enrolled, and pain follow-up for 2,996 teeth; persistent all-cause tooth pain frequency 5.3% (95% CI 3.5%–7.2%); I² = 80% and statistically significant; prospective studies 7.6%, retrospective studies 0.9%; persistent tooth pain means pain still present at least 6 months after treatment.|span:「Persistent tooth pain was defined as pain present > or = 6 months after endodontic treatment.」「Of 770 articles retrieved and reviewed, 26 met inclusion criteria.」「A total of 5,777 teeth were enrolled, and 2,996 had follow-up information regarding pain status.」「We identified 168 teeth with pain and derived a frequency of 5.3% (95% confidence interval, 3.5%-7.2%, p < 0.001) for persistent all-cause tooth pain.」「High and statistically significant heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 80%) was present.」「In subgroup analysis, prospective studies had a higher pain frequency (7.6%) than retrospectives studies did (0.9%).」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18; a 2015–2026 search for persistent pain with endodontic treatment found no new meta-analysis superseding it. Population-level estimates cannot estimate an individual. ⚠️ The spans individually cover every figure used in the text (26/5,777/2,996/5.3%/80%/7.6%/0.9%).
- F25|confidence=low-moderate (narrative review)|basis=peer_reviewed (review, PMID 20307732)|period=published 2010|geo: universal|Root-filled teeth are generally more susceptible to fracture than vital teeth; fracture may relate to loss of tooth structure and stresses induced by endodontic and restorative procedures.|span:「they are generally more susceptible to fracture than teeth with vital pulps」「Postendodontic tooth fractures might occur because of the loss of tooth structure and induced stresses caused by endodontic and restorative procedures」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18; pubtype is Review, not systematic review, so evidence level is lower. This card uses only its general risk statement.
- F26|confidence=low (Markov model from one country)|basis=peer_reviewed (cost-effectiveness analysis, PMID 41188638)|period=2025 German public/private fee catalogues; published 2026-02|geo: universal (model parameters are German)|Perforation is a complication that may occur during root-canal treatment; retaining the tooth requires more complex management.|span:「Perforations are complications that may occur during root canal treatment (RCT), requiring complex management if the tooth is to be retained.」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-26; this card cites only the statement that perforation is a complication, not any currency amount, cost, or tooth-retention duration (the model's cost parameters are German and cannot be converted into Taiwan figures).
- F27|confidence=moderate|basis=peer_reviewed (nationwide retrospective cohort, PMID 25175849)|period=published 2014 (data 2005-2011)|geo: TW|Among 517,234 teeth with initial root-canal treatment, 29,219 were extracted; survival 94.4%.|span:「Of the 517,234 teeth, 29,219 were extracted, yielding a survival rate of 94.4%」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18/26; National Health Insurance claims-database study that cannot cover self-paid care or clinical detail. Survival means the tooth was not extracted; it must not be read as a promise of an individual's outcome. This card does not cite its rubber-dam comparison figures.
- F28|confidence=moderate (authors describe prognostic-factor evidence as weak)|basis=peer_reviewed (systematic review/meta-analysis, PMID 20158529)|period=searched to the end of 2007; published 2010|geo: universal|Pooled survival after non-surgical root-canal treatment: 2–3 years 86% (95% CI 75%–98%), 4–5 years 93% (92%–94%), 8–10 years 87% (82%–92%); prognostic-factor evidence is weak, and crown restoration after treatment had the largest association with higher observed survival.|span:「The pooled percentages of reported tooth survival over 2-3, 4-5 and 8-10 years following RCTx were 86% (95% CI: 75%, 98%), 93% (95% CI: 92%, 94%) and 87% (95% CI: 82%, 92%), respectively.」「Evidence for the effect of prognostic factors on tooth survival was weak.」「the conditions increasing observed proportion of survival were as follows: (i) a crown restoration after RCTx」|caveat: same anchor as KM-DENTAL-18; a 2015–2026 tooth-survival/endodontic-treatment search found no same-question meta-analysis superseding it. ⚠️ Each time band is a pooled value from different studies, not a time curve for the same teeth; figures must not be read as “first up, then down.” Prognostic factors are associations, not causes.
- F29|confidence=high|basis=internal_dataset (S18; not a medical claim)|period=GSC retention window (from 2025-03-22)|geo: TW|Topic selection basis: full reconciliation of search data from 14 clinic assets, 5 terms, one site, row-by-row auditable. Highest impressions: 「根管治療 保險」 33,507; second: 「顯微根管治療實支實付」 32,832.|caveat: ⚠️ The difference is small; it must not be written as 「多數人在問實支實付」 (that term is about one third of this topic). Impressions are property-level counts, not deduplicated traffic. Internal data: do not output this unit or make it visible in the publication transform (decision of 2026-08-05).
- F30 [structural organization]|confidence=n/a|basis=editorial (S19; not a factual claim, not pending verification)|geo: TW|Editorial framework and boundary: (1) statutory/private-insurance two-route split; (2) site-wide wording “it depends on the policy terms; ask the insurer that underwrote the policy”; (3) no decision whether it pays, no interpretation of terms, no insurer comparison, no individual claim outcome; (4) five questions for the clinic and three for the insurer; (5) self-management with a treatment timeline and document reconciliation; (6) division of work with KM-DENTAL-10/18/26.|caveat: editorial communication framework, not a diagnostic tool and not legal or insurance advice; it does not replace clinical judgment or the insurer's determination.
- F31 [evidence-gap statement]|confidence=n/a|basis=editorial (not pending verification)|geo: TW|No citable evidence was obtained for: (1) any amount, range, or market price; (2) any policy wording, claim outcome, or case; (3) the proportion of dental (or root-canal) cases in claim disputes; (4) an item-by-item list of National Health Insurance coverage status for root-canal treatment (F2 remains unverified); (5) Taiwan fee or coverage statistics for “microscopic root-canal treatment.”|caveat: this gap statement is not an external factual claim; it is an editorial disclosure.
How to find a clinic that provides this service
This site lists no clinics and does not recommend, rate or compare any medical institution.
To find a clinic that provides this service, use the following official lookup channels yourself —
they are maintained by the competent authorities and are more current than any list:
>
- The Ministry of Health and Welfare's medical-institution lookup: search by city or county,
township and specialty (dentistry) for institutions that have completed practice registration.
The results show the institution's name, address and registered specialty. This is the first place
to confirm whether a clinic is lawfully registered.
- The National Health Insurance Administration's contracted-institution lookup: check whether a
clinic is under contract with National Health Insurance. This determines which items are covered
and which are self-paid, and therefore what kind of fee explanation you will be given.
>
Both systems are on the respective authorities' official websites; searching for the
medical-institution lookup or the contracted-institution lookup will find them. This site does not
reproduce the URLs, because they change; use whichever entry point the authority currently publishes.
>
In an emergency, do not spend time looking up lists. If your breathing, swallowing or speech is
affected, or swelling is spreading, go to the nearest emergency department.
Chinese labels to look for on the official pages
These official systems, datasets and files are published in Chinese only. The English names above are this site's renderings; on the page itself you will see the following strings, so search for these:
>
- 「醫事機構查詢」
- 「特約醫事機構查詢」
- 「特約院所查詢」
Compliance note
This is patient health-education information under Article 87 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act: publication of medical knowledge or research reports and patient health education that do not solicit medical business are not treated as medical advertising [F12]. It is not medical advertising, does not recommend a particular clinic, and gives no amount or price range. Root-canal treatment has risks and contraindications, including persistent discomfort after treatment, non-healing that may require retreatment or surgery, complications during treatment, and greater susceptibility of the treated tooth to fracture. Actual treatment and outcome vary by person and need a dentist's assessment. This card does not decide whether any item is covered by National Health Insurance; coverage and charges always follow the National Health Insurance Administration's current notices and the fee standard approved by the county or city where care is received. This article gives no insurance-claim opinion, does not interpret policy terms, compare insurers, or cite individual claim outcomes. Its descriptions of procedure type come from clinical literature solely as medical information and risk disclosure; they do not determine any policy terminology. Every claim question depends on the policy terms; ask the insurer that underwrote the policy. The proportions and statistics cited here are group-level research findings or institution-level category statistics. They cannot estimate any individual's treatment or claim outcome and cannot replace clinical diagnosis.
Sources
All accessed 2026-08-06. PubMed entries were abstract-retrieved through E-utilities efetch and matched verbatim one by one; Taiwan laws and official-institution pages were loaded and matched verbatim with ego-browser.
- S1 Article 41, Taiwan National Health Insurance Act, National Laws and Regulations Database. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0060001 flno=41 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; page title and Article 41(1) matched verbatim) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「全民健康保險法§41-全國法規資料庫」]
- S2 National Health Insurance Administration, “National Health Insurance Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards” notice page. nhi.gov.tw/ch/lp-3778-1.html (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; title and four-file list read verbatim; card did not download and compare individual files) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「全民健康保險醫療服務給付項目及支付標準」]
- S3 Government open-data dataset “Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards (CSV),” provider Ministry of Health and Welfare National Health Insurance Administration. data.gov.tw/dataset/174450 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; title, provider, fields, and update frequency matched verbatim) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「醫療服務給付項目及支付標準(csv檔)」]
- S4 Article 51, Taiwan National Health Insurance Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0060001 flno=51 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; all 12 clauses obtained; clauses 10 and 11 matched verbatim)
- S5 Article 21, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=21 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; text matched verbatim)
- S6 Article 22, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=22 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; both provisions obtained verbatim)
- S7 Article 63, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=63 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; three provisions obtained verbatim)
- S8 Article 71, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=71 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; text matched verbatim)
- S9 Article 81, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=81 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; text matched verbatim)
- S10 Article 17, Taiwan Physicians Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020001 flno=17 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; text matched verbatim)
- S11 Article 87, Taiwan's Medical Care Act. law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=87 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; both provisions obtained verbatim)
- S12 Taipei City Department of Health fee-standard page: “Taipei City Medical Institution Dental Fee Schedule” (approved 1090117). health.gov.taipei fee-standard page (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; page title matched verbatim) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」]
- S13 Government open-data dataset 121913, “Taipei City Medical Fee Standards,” provider Taipei City Department of Health. data.gov.tw/dataset/121913 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; title and provider matched verbatim) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「臺北市醫療收費標準」]
- S14 National Health Insurance Administration Medical Device Price Comparison Network item classifications in its two search routes (fact verified on another card, same anchor). info.nhi.gov.tw INAE2000/INAE2010S01 (tested and re-verified by OP with ego-browser on 2026-08-05; record in `km-compliance/VERIFIED-FACTS.md`; not retested by this card) [On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「醫材比價網」]
- S15 Financial Ombudsman Institution—Purpose of Establishment. foi.org.tw Article.aspx?Arti=32 (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; page title and text matched verbatim; page last updated 2023-09-07)
- S16 Financial Ombudsman Institution, “115Q1 Life Insurance Industry—Claim Complaint Case Dispute-Type Statistics” PDF, attached to its 115 year Q1 statistics release. Article: foi.org.tw Article.aspx?Arti=11302; download: foi.org.tw download.ashx?id=5656 (downloaded HTTP 200 on 2026-08-06; one-page PDF header and each dispute-category count read verbatim with pdftotext -layout)
- S17 Taiwan Insurance Institute—Insurance Product Search. insprod.tii.org.tw/Query.aspx (loaded with ego-browser on 2026-08-06; search conditions and explanatory text read verbatim; results not tested)
- S18 Internal material: appendix to question 42 in `analysis/reports/km-dental-backlog.md` (full reconciliation of GSC data for 14 clinic assets, data window from 2025-03, 5 query terms, one site; auditable row by row). Not a medical-fact basis; only topic-selection basis and not visible at publication.
- S19 Editorial framework (no external source): the card's two-route structure, declared editorial boundaries, division of question recipients, and boundaries with related cards; see F30 and F31.
- S20 Del Fabbro M, Corbella S, Sequeira-Byron P, Tsesis I, Rosen E, Lolato A, Taschieri S. Endodontic procedures for retreatment of periapical lesions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Oct 19;10(10):CD005511. PMID 27759881. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27759881 (accessed 2026-08-06; efetch abstract matched verbatim)
- S21 Del Fabbro M, Taschieri S. Endodontic therapy using magnification devices: a systematic review. J Dent. 2010 Apr;38(4):269-75. PMID 20117164. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20117164 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S22 Del Fabbro M, Taschieri S, Lodi G, Banfi G, Weinstein RL. Magnification devices for endodontic therapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Dec 9;2015(12):CD005969. PMID 26650099. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26650099 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S23 Setzer FC, Kohli MR, Shah SB, Karabucak B, Kim S. Outcome of endodontic surgery: a meta-analysis of the literature--Part 2: Comparison of endodontic microsurgical techniques with and without the use of higher magnification. J Endod. 2012 Jan;38(1):1-10. PMID 22152611. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22152611 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S24 Mergoni G, Ganim M, Lodi G, Figini L, Gagliani M, Manfredi M. Single versus multiple visits for endodontic treatment of permanent teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Dec 13;12(12):CD005296. PMID 36512807. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36512807 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S25 Sequeira-Byron P, Fedorowicz Z, Carter B, Nasser M, Alrowaili EF. Single crowns versus conventional fillings for the restoration of root-filled teeth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 25;2015(9):CD009109. PMID 26403154. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26403154 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S26 Nixdorf DR, Moana-Filho EJ, Law AS, McGuire LA, Hodges JS, John MT. Frequency of persistent tooth pain after root canal therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endod. 2010 Feb;36(2):224-30. PMID 20113779. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113779 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S27 Tang W, Wu Y, Smales RJ. Identifying and reducing risks for potential fractures in endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 2010 Apr;36(4):609-17. PMID 20307732. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20307732 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S28 Benz L, Leontiev W, Schwendicke F, Walter E. Effects of Endodontic Perforations on Tooth Retention and Treatment Costs: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Int Endod J. 2026 Feb;59(2):215-224. PMID 41188638. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41188638 (accessed 2026-08-06; this card cites no currency amount)
- S29 Lin PY, Huang SH, Chang HJ, Chi LY. The effect of rubber dam usage on the survival rate of teeth receiving initial root canal treatment: a nationwide population-based study. J Endod. 2014 Nov;40(11):1733-7. PMID 25175849. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25175849 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S30 Ng YL, Mann V, Gulabivala K. Tooth survival following non-surgical root canal treatment: a systematic review of the literature. Int Endod J. 2010 Mar;43(3):171-89. PMID 20158529. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20158529 (accessed 2026-08-06)
- S31 Version and retraction-status check (run in PubMed on 2026-08-06): CD005296 yielded 2007/2016/2022, with 2022 (PMID 36512807) current; CD005969 yielded 2009/2015, with 2015 (PMID 26650099) current; CD005511 yielded 2007/2016, with 2016 (PMID 27759881) current; CD009109 yielded 2012/2015, with 2015 (PMID 26403154) current. Pubtype was checked for each of the 11 included papers: no Retracted Publication and no WITHDRAWN. Searches in the last 10 years for magnification devices, tooth survival, and persistent pain found no meta-analysis superseding those reviews.
Internal citation chain
- Related procedure card (read first): What is root-canal treatment? How many visits? (KM-DENTAL-18). Boundary: indications, treatment steps, full evidence for single versus multiple visits, post-treatment pain distribution, and how to read success and survival belong there. This card only states one sentence explaining why documents are dispersed. The cards share F22/F23/F24/F25/F27/F28 anchors, with identical English spans.
- Related cost card: How much does root-canal treatment cost? Why does microscopic root-canal treatment cost more? (KM-DENTAL-26). Its canonical content covers the six components of costs and the evidence strength for additional microscopic, instrument, and material items. This card does not repeat them; it cites only the “microscopic = magnification equipment” anchors F19/F20/F21 (same sources as that card's F5/F4/F14).
- Same-source approach for insurance section: Can implants be claimed on insurance? (KM-DENTAL-10). Both cards have the same editorial boundary (no term interpretation, individual-case decision, insurer comparison, or claim outcome) and the same institutional anchors (National Health Insurance Act Article 51; Taiwan's Medical Care Act Articles 22/63/71/81; Physicians Act Article 17; Financial Ombudsman Institution). This card's medical issue is “microscopic = magnification equipment, not procedure classification”; that card addresses implant complications and document timing.
- Cost structure after treatment: How much does one crown cost? (KM-DENTAL-11).
Publication-gate reminder: this card is a draft. It must not be marked published while F2 (coverage status of each item in this topic) remains unverified. It cannot enter km_entries until zh-Hans/en/ja all exist. F29 internal data and the frontmatter impressions/query fields are stripped in the publication transform and do not enter the visible layer.
FAQ
- Is root-canal treatment covered by National Health Insurance? What about microscopic root-canal treatment?
- **Coverage items and conditions always follow the National Health Insurance Administration's current announced payment standards; this card makes no determination [F1][F2].** You can check the Administration's current payment-standard page, which offers the current files [F2], and the government open-data dataset “Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards (CSV),” whose fields include procedure code and Chinese item name and which is updated every 1 day [F3]. For self-paid fees, use the fee standard approved by the health bureau of the county or city where you receive care [F6][F13]. Article 51(11) of the National Health Insurance Act also expressly lists dentures and other appliances not of a positive therapeutic nature as outside benefits [F5].
- 根管治療は健保給付ですか。顕微根管はどうですか。 — **給付項目と条件はすべて健保署の現行公告の支払基準によります。本カードは判断しません [F1][F2]。** 健保署の支払基準公告ページには現行ファイルがあります [F2]。また政府オープンデータには、診療項目コード、中国語項目名を含み 1 日ごとに更新される「医療サービス給付項目及び支払基準 (CSV)」があります [F3]。自費部分の料金基準は、受診する県市の衛生局が認定した版を確認してください [F6][F13]。なお、全民健康保険法第 51 条第 11 号は、義歯など積極的治療性のない器具を給付対象外として明記しています [F5]。
- Is root-canal treatment covered by National Health Insurance? What about microscopic root-canal treatment? — **Coverage items and conditions always follow the National Health Insurance Administration's current announced payment standards; this card makes no determination [F1][F2].** You can check the Administration's current payment-standard page, which offers the current files [F2], and the government open-data dataset “Medical Service Payment Items and Payment Standards (CSV),” whose fields include procedure code and Chinese item name and which is updated every 1 day [F3]. For self-paid fees, use the fee standard approved by the health bureau of the county or city where you receive care [F6][F13]. Article 51(11) of the National Health Insurance Act also expressly lists dentures and other appliances not of a positive therapeutic nature as outside benefits [F5].
- Will private insurance pay? Does root-canal treatment count as “surgery”?
- **It depends on the policy terms; ask the insurer that underwrote the policy [F30].** The definition of “surgery” used by a policy is in your own terms, and this site does not interpret terms or judge individual cases. Two things can be stated: “surgical classification” is a named type of claim-complaint dispute in the Financial Ombudsman Institution's public statistics, showing that the issue exists [F16]; and the literature classifies root-canal retreatment as non-surgical and root-end resection as surgical, but that is a clinical classification, **not a determination of insurance-contract terminology** [F18][F30].
- 民間保険は支払いますか。根管治療は「手術」ですか。 — **保険約款によりますので、引受保険会社に確認してください [F30]。** 約款でいう「手術」の定義はあなたの約款に書かれており、当サイトは解釈も個別判断もしません。確実に言えるのは二点です。「手術認定」は金融消費評議中心の公開統計で列名された保険金請求申立ての争議類型の一つで、論点が存在することを示します [F16]。また、文献では根管再治療を非手術、根尖切除を手術と分類しますが、これは臨床分類であり、**保険契約用語を認定するものではありません** [F18][F30]。
- Will private insurance pay? Does root-canal treatment count as “surgery”? — **It depends on the policy terms; ask the insurer that underwrote the policy [F30].** The definition of “surgery” used by a policy is in your own terms, and this site does not interpret terms or judge individual cases. Two things can be stated: “surgical classification” is a named type of claim-complaint dispute in the Financial Ombudsman Institution's public statistics, showing that the issue exists [F16]; and the literature classifies root-canal retreatment as non-surgical and root-end resection as surgical, but that is a clinical classification, **not a determination of insurance-contract terminology** [F18][F30].
- “Microscopic root-canal treatment” sounds more advanced. Does that make it surgery?
- **“Microscopic” describes magnification equipment; it does not tell you whether this treatment is surgery [F19][F21].** In the literature, comparative studies of magnification devices exist only in the surgical setting; for non-surgical treatment and root-end surgery. All three prospective studies in one systematic review concerned endodontic surgery, and there were no comparative magnification-device studies for orthograde (non-surgical) root-canal treatment [F19]. Endodontic microsurgery is defined as root-end surgery with high-power magnification from a surgical microscope or endoscope [F21]. The procedure you received is named in the treatment plan and record; whether a policy pays depends on its terms, so ask the insurer [F30].
- 「顕微根管治療」は高度に聞こえます。手術になりますか。 — **「顕微」は拡大装置のことであり、今回が手術かどうかを教える語ではありません [F19][F21]。** 文献では拡大装置の比較研究は手術の場面にのみあり、非手術治療と根尖手術の双方に登場します。一つの系統的レビューに含まれた三つの前向き研究はすべて歯内手術で、正方向の非手術根管治療について拡大装置の比較研究はありませんでした [F19]。「歯内顕微鏡手術」は手術用顕微鏡または内視鏡の高倍率拡大を伴う根尖手術です [F21]。今回の種類は治療計画・診療録の処置名を確認してください。支払われるかは保険約款によりますので、引受保険会社に確認してください [F30]。
- “Microscopic root-canal treatment” sounds more advanced. Does that make it surgery? — **“Microscopic” describes magnification equipment; it does not tell you whether this treatment is surgery [F19][F21].** In the literature, comparative studies of magnification devices exist only in the surgical setting; for non-surgical treatment and root-end surgery. All three prospective studies in one systematic review concerned endodontic surgery, and there were no comparative magnification-device studies for orthograde (non-surgical) root-canal treatment [F19]. Endodontic microsurgery is defined as root-end surgery with high-power magnification from a surgical microscope or endoscope [F21]. The procedure you received is named in the treatment plan and record; whether a policy pays depends on its terms, so ask the insurer [F30].
Source anchors
- 《全民健康保險法》第 41 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0060001 flno=41]( 以 ego-browser 實載,頁面標題「全民健康保險法§41-全國法規資料庫」,第 1 項條文逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0060001&flno=41
- 衛生福利部中央健康保險署「全民健康保險醫療服務給付項目及支付標準」公告頁。[nhi.gov.tw/ch/lp-3778-1.html]( 以 ego-browser 實載,頁面標題與四筆檔案清單逐字讀取;本卡未下載檔案逐項比對 · https://www.nhi.gov.tw/ch/lp-3778-1.html
- 政府資料開放平臺資料集「醫療服務給付項目及支付標準(csv檔)」,提供機關衛生福利部中央健康保險署。[data.gov.tw/dataset/174450]( 以 ego-browser 實載,標題、提供機關、欄位說明與更新頻率逐字對得上 · https://data.gov.tw/dataset/174450
- 《全民健康保險法》第 51 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0060001 flno=51]( 以 ego-browser 實載,十二款全文取得,第 10、11 款逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0060001&flno=51
- 《醫療法》第 21 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=21]( 以 ego-browser 實載,條文逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=21
- 《醫療法》第 22 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=22]( 以 ego-browser 實載,兩項條文逐字取得 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=22
- 《醫療法》第 63 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=63]( 以 ego-browser 實載,三項條文逐字取得 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=63
- 《醫療法》第 71 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=71]( 以 ego-browser 實載,條文逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=71
- 《醫療法》第 81 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=81]( 以 ego-browser 實載,條文逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=81
- 《醫師法》第 17 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020001 flno=17]( 以 ego-browser 實載,條文逐字對得上 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020001&flno=17
- 《醫療法》第 87 條,全國法規資料庫。[law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=87]( 以 ego-browser 實載,兩項條文逐字取得 · https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawSingle.aspx?pcode=L0020021&flno=87
- 臺北市政府衛生局-收費標準:「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」(1090117核定)。[health.gov.taipei 收費標準頁]( 以 ego-browser 實載,頁面標題逐字對得上 · https://health.gov.taipei/News_Content.aspx?n=A0420FBE55D1F966&sms=B8B153B383FA969F&s=002671406AFBBB67
- 政府資料開放平臺資料集 121913「臺北市醫療收費標準」,提供機關臺北市政府衛生局。[data.gov.tw/dataset/121913]( 以 ego-browser 實載,標題與提供機關逐字對得上 · https://data.gov.tw/dataset/121913
- 衛生福利部中央健康保險署「醫材比價網」兩查詢軌之品項分類(跨卡已驗事實,同錨)。[info.nhi.gov.tw INAE2000/INAE2010S01]( 由 OP 以 ego-browser 實測並複驗,紀錄見 `km-compliance/VERIFIED-FACTS.md`;本卡未重複實測 · https://info.nhi.gov.tw/INAE2000/INAE2010S01
- 財團法人金融消費評議中心-成立宗旨。[foi.org.tw Article.aspx?Arti=32]( 以 ego-browser 實載,頁面標題「成立宗旨-關於我們-財團法人金融消費評議中心」,內文逐字對得上,頁面最後更新日期 2023-09-07 · https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Arti=32&Lang=1
- 財團法人金融消費評議中心「評議中心揭露115年度第1季申訴案件暨申請評議案件統計資料」所附「115Q1保險業人壽保險公司-理賠申訴案件爭議類型統計表」(PDF)。文章頁:[foi.org.tw Article.aspx?Arti=11302]( download.ashx?id=5656]( 下載成功 HTTP… · https://www.foi.org.tw/Article.aspx?Lang=1&Arti=11302&lid=57
- 財團法人金融消費評議中心「評議中心揭露115年度第1季申訴案件暨申請評議案件統計資料」所附「115Q1保險業人壽保險公司-理賠申訴案件爭議類型統計表」(PDF)。文章頁:[foi.org.tw Article.aspx?Arti=11302]( download.ashx?id=5656]( 下載成功 HTTP… · https://www.foi.org.tw/download.ashx?id=5656&lang=1
- 財團法人保險事業發展中心-保險商品查詢。[insprod.tii.org.tw/Query.aspx]( 以 ego-browser 實載,查詢條件與說明文字逐字讀取;未實測查詢結果內容 · https://insprod.tii.org.tw/Query.aspx
- Del Fabbro M, Corbella S, Sequeira-Byron P, Tsesis I, Rosen E, Lolato A, Taschieri S. Endodontic procedures for retreatment of periapical lesions. Cochrane… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27759881/
- Del Fabbro M, Taschieri S. Endodontic therapy using magnification devices: a systematic review. J Dent. 2010 Apr;38(4):269-75. PMID 20117164.… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20117164/
- Del Fabbro M, Taschieri S, Lodi G, Banfi G, Weinstein RL. Magnification devices for endodontic therapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Dec… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26650099/
- Setzer FC, Kohli MR, Shah SB, Karabucak B, Kim S. Outcome of endodontic surgery: a meta-analysis of the literature--Part 2: Comparison of endodontic… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22152611/
- Mergoni G, Ganim M, Lodi G, Figini L, Gagliani M, Manfredi M. Single versus multiple visits for endodontic treatment of permanent teeth. Cochrane Database… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36512807/
- Sequeira-Byron P, Fedorowicz Z, Carter B, Nasser M, Alrowaili EF. Single crowns versus conventional fillings for the restoration of root-filled teeth.… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26403154/
- Nixdorf DR, Moana-Filho EJ, Law AS, McGuire LA, Hodges JS, John MT. Frequency of persistent tooth pain after root canal therapy: a systematic review and… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113779/
- Tang W, Wu Y, Smales RJ. Identifying and reducing risks for potential fractures in endodontically treated teeth. J Endod. 2010 Apr;36(4):609-17. PMID… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20307732/
- Benz L, Leontiev W, Schwendicke F, Walter E. Effects of Endodontic Perforations on Tooth Retention and Treatment Costs: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Int… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41188638/
- Lin PY, Huang SH, Chang HJ, Chi LY. The effect of rubber dam usage on the survival rate of teeth receiving initial root canal treatment: a nationwide… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25175849/
- Ng YL, Mann V, Gulabivala K. Tooth survival following non-surgical root canal treatment: a systematic review of the literature. Int Endod J. 2010… · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20158529/
Cite this article
km 編輯部・《Will insurance pay for root-canal treatment? Is it covered by National Health Insurance? — National Health Insurance follows the current notice; private insurance follows your policy terms|證據鏈》・IDAEO 知識庫・2026-08-13・https://km.idaeo.ai/reports/dental-root-canal-insurance-evidence