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Cats | Emergency Red Flags
The full contents of the "emergency red flags" column in the 12-column knowledge tree for cats. Where the original text could not obtain an authoritative figure, it leaves the field blank and states why; this site preserves that as-is and does not fill in numbers on its behalf. The disease column is published separately as vet/cat-common-diseases and is not repeated here.
Cats | Emergency Red Flags
This article is compiled from the cat chapter of the veterinary animal encyclopaedia. The same sign calls for different handling in different species, and copying what works for another species can do harm — first confirm which animal you are dealing with.
| Red flag | Why it is an emergency |
|---|---|
| A male cat going repeatedly to the litter box, straining but unable to pass urine / passing only a few drops / passing none at all | Urethral obstruction, fatal on a scale of hours (bladder rupture, cardiac arrest from hyperkalaemia). Go even in the middle of the night |
| Abnormal breathing: open-mouth breathing, abdominal effort, neck extended, rapid breathing, purple-blue mucous membranes, a home SRR that keeps rising | Open-mouth breathing in a cat is almost always an emergency (pulmonary oedema, pleural effusion, asthma, anaemia) |
| Sudden hindlimb weakness / severe pain / cold paws / crying out | Aortic thromboembolism (ATE), often the first presentation of heart disease |
| Not eating at all for more than a full day (the threshold is shorter for kittens, obese cats and diabetic cats; the exact threshold 【Verification result: no single authoritative number of days for the trigger — the full text of the Merck Feline Hepatic Lipidosis page was re-checked, and on triggers that page states only "A primary disease process causing anorexia or food deprivation sets the stage for HL in overconditioned cats", giving no explicit day threshold for "how many days of fasting triggers it" (it gives only the disease-course figure after onset, "Hepatic lipidosis either resolves within 14–21 days or the patient dies", which is not a trigger threshold), 2026-07-30; non-whitelisted sources often cite 3–7 days, but this cannot be attributed to a verbatim whitelisted source and is not adopted】) | Hepatic lipidosis; also the shared signal of every serious illness |
| Repeated vomiting including vomiting water back up / vomiting blood / vomitus smelling of faeces / abdomen painful on the lightest touch | Obstruction, pancreatitis, peritonitis |
| Contact with lilies (any variety, any part, including pollen and vase water) | Acute tubular necrosis specific to cats; do not wait for signs to appear before going |
| Suspected ingestion of human painkillers / antifreeze / rodenticide / slug bait, or contact with a canine spot-on or a human topical ointment | See column 10; the golden window is measured in hours |
| A thread visible in the mouth, under the tongue or at the anus | Linear foreign body; do not pull it yourself |
| Seizures, altered consciousness, sudden blindness, circling, head tilt | Neurological emergency / poisoning / hypertension |
| Low body temperature, collapse, white or muddy-grey mucous membranes, unresponsive to being called | Shock, anaemia, methaemoglobinaemia |
| A fall from a height (even if the cat looks completely normal) | Diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary contusion, mandibular symphyseal fracture and hard-palate split often only become apparent hours later |
| Swelling, fever or not eating appearing days after a cat bite or a fight | Abscess; deep puncture wounds have a high infection rate |
| Eye half closed, tearing, unequal pupil sizes, cornea turning white or blue, rubbing at the eye | Corneal ulcer / glaucoma / uveitis, which can cause blindness |
| Parturition: obvious straining with no kitten produced, too long an interval between kittens (Merck Veterinary Manual Dystocia in Small Animals: "Interval between puppies or kittens is > 30 minutes with clear signs of myometrial contractions" "> 2 hours without signs of myometrial contractions" "Entire duration of whelping or queening lasting > 24 hours" "Active labor for > 4 hours and no puppies or kittens produced" <https://www.merckvetmanual.com/reproductive-system/reproductive-diseases-of-the-female-small-animal/dystocia-in-small-animals>, verified 2026-07-30; thresholds are shared between dogs and cats, with no cat-specific figure), abnormal discharge from the birth canal | Dystocia (brachycephalic breeds are at higher risk) |
| Heatstroke: panting, drooling or collapse after being shut in a car / on a balcony / on a sun deck | Heatstroke in cats is often underestimated; brachycephalic and obese cats are at highest risk |
| Straining posture when urinating or defecating, plus crying, plus hiding | Obstruction or severe pain |
The content above is copied cell by cell from the encyclopaedia chapter text, without rewriting or condensing; treatment direction is given only by category, with no drug names or dosages, and medication must be prescribed by a veterinarian.
The limits of this content
The content of this article comes from the cat chapter of the veterinary encyclopaedia (the original location and content hash are given in the evidence chain). The sources at the end are the authoritative material cited by that chapter, a chapter-level correspondence. This is educational information and cannot replace the diagnosis and prescription of a practising veterinarian; in an emergency, seek care immediately. This article has not been clinically reviewed by a named veterinarian.
FAQ
- What should be noted when a male cat goes repeatedly to the litter box, strains but cannot pass urine / passes only a few drops / passes none at all?
- Urethral obstruction, fatal on a scale of hours (bladder rupture, cardiac arrest from hyperkalaemia). Go even in the middle of the night. The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
- オス猫がトイレに何度も入り、いきんでも尿が出ない/数滴しか出ない/まったく出ない場合、何に注意すべきですか? — 尿道閉塞、時間単位で致命的(膀胱破裂、高カリウム血症による心停止)。夜中でも受診してください。実際の判断は獣医師が個別の症例に応じて行う必要があり、本記事は薬剤名と用量を記載しません。
- What should be noted when a male cat goes repeatedly to the litter box, strains but cannot pass urine / passes only a few drops / passes none at all? — Urethral obstruction, fatal on a scale of hours (bladder rupture, cardiac arrest from hyperkalaemia). Go even in the middle of the night. The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
- What should be noted about abnormal breathing in cats — open-mouth breathing, abdominal effort, neck extended, rapid breathing, purple-blue mucous membranes, a home SRR that keeps rising?
- Open-mouth breathing in a cat is almost always an emergency (pulmonary oedema, pleural effusion, asthma, anaemia). The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
- 猫の呼吸の異常(開口呼吸、腹部を使った努力性呼吸、首を伸ばす、呼吸促迫、粘膜の紫色化、在宅 SRR の持続的な上昇)で注意すべきことは何ですか? — 猫の開口呼吸はほぼ例外なく救急です(肺水腫、胸水、喘息、貧血)。実際の判断は獣医師が個別の症例に応じて行う必要があり、本記事は薬剤名と用量を記載しません。
- What should be noted about abnormal breathing in cats — open-mouth breathing, abdominal effort, neck extended, rapid breathing, purple-blue mucous membranes, a home SRR that keeps rising? — Open-mouth breathing in a cat is almost always an emergency (pulmonary oedema, pleural effusion, asthma, anaemia). The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
- What should be noted about sudden hindlimb weakness / severe pain / cold paws / crying out in cats?
- Aortic thromboembolism (ATE), often the first presentation of heart disease. The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
- 猫の突然の後肢の脱力/激しい痛み/肉球が冷たい/鳴き叫ぶ場合、何に注意すべきですか? — 大動脈血栓塞栓症(ATE)。心疾患の初発症状であることが多いです。実際の判断は獣医師が個別の症例に応じて行う必要があり、本記事は薬剤名と用量を記載しません。
- What should be noted about sudden hindlimb weakness / severe pain / cold paws / crying out in cats? — Aortic thromboembolism (ATE), often the first presentation of heart disease. The actual judgement still rests with a veterinarian on a case-by-case basis, and this article gives no drug names or dosages.
Source anchors
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/parameters-to-evaluate-during-triage · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/resting-heart-rates · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/resting-respiratory-rates · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/reference-values-and-conversion-tables/reference-guides/normal-rectal-temperature-ranges · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- Merck 獸醫手冊|貓章引用 · https://www.merckvetmanual.com/reproductive-system/reproductive-diseases-of-the-female-small-animal/dystocia-in-small-animals · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- PMC 全文|貓章引用 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10459272/ · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- PMC 全文|貓章引用 · https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10845436/ · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
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- AAFP 貓科醫學會|貓章引用 · https://catvets.com/2022-aafp-everycat-feline-infectious-peritonitis-diagnosis-guidelines · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- AAFP 貓科醫學會|貓章引用 · https://catvets.com/resource/aaha-aafp-feline-life-stage-guidelines/ · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
- WSAVA|貓章引用 · https://wsava.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Cat-Body-Condition-Scoring-2017.pdf · 在 IDAEO 的其他引用
Cite this article
獸醫百科編輯部・《Cats | Emergency Red Flags》・IDAEO 知識庫・2026-08-13・https://km.idaeo.ai/post/vet/cat-emergency-red-flagsUpdated 2026-08-15