What does full-mouth reconstruction cost? Why does every quotation look different?｜證據鏈

What does full-mouth reconstruction cost? Why does every quotation look different?｜證據鏈

F-Units (fact unit ledger)

Each entry carries its source number (S), confidence, basis, period, geo and caveat. Basis ladder: law > official_statement > clinical_guideline > peer_reviewed > textbook. Verbatim spans are kept in the source language (English for the literature, Traditional Chinese for Taiwan statutes) and are never re-translated.

• F1｜S1・S2｜high｜clinical_guideline｜2002／2009 (2012 review)｜geo: universal｜A mandibular overdenture on two implants is a first-choice treatment for the edentulous mandible. Verbatim span (S2 abstract): "There is now overwhelming evidence that a two-implant overdenture should become the first choice of treatment for the edentulous mandible" / "it is the minimum standard that should be sufficient for most people, taking into account performance, patient satisfaction, cost and clinical time". caveat: the population is the edentulous mandible; the maxilla and individual conditions differ.
• F2｜S9｜high｜clinical_guideline｜2018｜geo: universal｜There is no single standard number of implants for a fixed full-arch prosthesis. Verbatim span: "The literature supports the use of various implant numbers to support full-arch fixed prostheses."
• F3｜S4｜medium｜peer_reviewed (systematic review)｜2017｜geo: universal｜Regenerative (bone augmentation) procedures increase post-operative burden and treatment fees. Verbatim span: "offers a predictable way to treat the atrophic jaw in patients that do not prefer regenerative procedures, which increase morbidity and the treatment fees". caveat: the review itself reports limits of methodological quality, inadequate follow-up and sample attrition.
• F4｜S6｜medium｜peer_reviewed (systematic review)｜2018｜geo: universal｜Implant survival after bone augmentation was 91.7% or higher, and differences between the techniques used were of limited clinical relevance. Verbatim span: "as the dental implant survival is high (91.7% or higher) regardless of the procedure used for bone augmentation, this is of no clinical relevance". caveat: the authors call for high-quality clinical trials to support the current evidence.
• F5｜S5｜medium｜peer_reviewed (systematic review)｜2019｜geo: universal｜The review compared clinical outcomes across immediate, early and conventional loading protocols (the body text takes only the "not sufficient to infer for an individual patient" side of the conclusion; the efficacy figures are not reproduced). Verbatim span: "There is evidence of high survival-success implant rate (…) for either loading protocols" + "careful attention must be taken by clinician when interpreting the results". caveat 1: the percentage range inside the parentheses in the source is not reproduced here under this site's compliance rules (risk of an absolute claim); to verify, read the S5 abstract. caveat 2: wide heterogeneity, no pooled estimates, and every included study carried a risk of bias.
• F6｜S3｜high｜peer_reviewed (systematic review・meta-analysis)｜2012 (mean exposure time across included studies 9.5 years, the source's own wording being "mean exposure time")｜geo: universal｜Complication rate for fixed full-arch prostheses 24.6% per 100 restoration-years; proportion "free of complications" at five and ten years 29.3% / 8.6%; chipping or fracture of the veneering material 33.3% / 66.6%. Verbatim span: "the complication rate was estimated at 24.6% per 100 restoration-years" / "The cumulative rates of "prosthesis free of complications" after 5 and 10 years were 29.3% and 8.6%" / "chipping or fracture of the veneering material (33.3% at 5 years and 66.6% at 10 years)" / "they are significant in relation to the amount of repair and maintenance needed, time, and cost to both the clinician and patient".
• F7｜S7｜high｜peer_reviewed (systematic review・meta-analysis)｜2015｜geo: universal｜Prevalence of peri-implant mucositis 43% (CI 32–54%) and of peri-implantitis 22% (CI 14–30%). Verbatim span: "weighted mean prevalences of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis of 43% (CI: 32-54%) and 22% (CI: 14-30%)". caveat: case definitions were not consistent between studies.
• F8｜S11｜medium｜peer_reviewed (systematic review)｜2017｜geo: universal｜Prosthetic maintenance of implant overdentures is unavoidable and no single mean complication rate can be derived. Verbatim span: "Prosthetic complications with IODs are unavoidable" / "a mean complication rate was impossible to determine because of the multiplicity of contributing factors".
• F9｜S10｜high｜clinical_guideline (consensus report)｜2018｜geo: universal｜Edentulous patients rate both fixed and removable implant-supported prostheses highly, and rate their own hygiene maintenance higher with the removable one. Verbatim span: "Edentulous patients highly rate both removable and fixed implant-supported prostheses. However, they rate their ability to maintain their oral hygiene significantly higher with the removable prosthesis."
• F10｜S8｜high｜clinical_guideline (European consensus statement)｜2017｜geo: universal｜Management decisions in severe tooth wear follow severity and patient wishes; restorative intervention is best delayed, and where intervention is needed a conservative, minimally invasive approach is recommended. Verbatim span: "Restorative intervention is typically best delayed as long as possible." / "a conservative, minimally invasive approach is recommended". caveat: this unit is about tooth wear, not about reconstruction for missing teeth.
• F11｜S12｜high｜law｜current text (tested 2026-08-05)｜geo: TW｜Article 51, subparagraph 11 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act excludes these items from cover. Verbatim span (Traditional Chinese original): 「義齒、義眼、眼鏡、助聽器、輪椅、拐杖及其他非具積極治療性之裝具」. The official English rendering published in the same database reads: "Dentures, artificial eyes, spectacles, hearing aids, wheelchairs, canes, and other treatment equipment not required for positive therapy" (loaded 2026-08-06). caveat: a restatement of a statute, not legal advice. This is Taiwanese law, not the law of the reader's own country; the Chinese text is authoritative.｜span：「義齒、義眼、眼鏡、助聽器、輪椅、拐杖及其他非具積極治療性之裝具」。
• F12｜S13｜high｜law｜current text (tested 2026-08-05)｜geo: TW｜Taiwan's Medical Care Act, Article 21. Verbatim span (Traditional Chinese original): 「醫療機構收取醫療費用之標準，由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關核定之。」 Official English rendering: "Standards for medical fees charged by the medical care institution shall be determined by the municipal or county(city)competent authority." (loaded 2026-08-06). caveat: a restatement of a statute, not legal advice; Taiwanese law only.｜span：「醫療機構收取醫療費用之標準，由直轄市、縣（市）主管機關核定之。」
• F13｜S14｜high｜law｜current text (tested 2026-08-05)｜geo: TW｜Taiwan's Medical Care Act, Article 22. Verbatim span (Traditional Chinese original): 「醫療機構收取醫療費用，應開給載明收費項目及金額之收據。醫療機構不得違反收費標準，超額或擅立收費項目收費。」 Official English rendering: "Receipts shall be made by medical care institutions for medical fees charged, which shall clearly state the item(s)and fee(s). Medical fees charged by medical care institutions shall not violate or exceed the standard for the fees, nor shall medical institutions charge for items without authorization." (loaded 2026-08-06). caveat: a restatement of a statute, not legal advice; Taiwanese law only.｜span：「醫療機構收取醫療費用，應開給載明收費項目及金額之收據。醫療機構不得違反收費標準，超額或擅立收費項目收費。」
• F14｜S15｜high｜law｜current text (tested 2026-08-05)｜geo: TW｜Taiwan's Medical Care Act, Article 81. Verbatim span (Traditional Chinese original): 「醫療機構診治病人時，應向病人或其法定代理人、配偶、親屬或關係人告知其病情、治療方針、處置、用藥、預後情形及可能之不良反應。」 Official English rendering: "When treating the patient, the medical care institution shall inform the patient or his/her legal agent, spouse, kin, or interested party of his/her condition, course of treatment, disposition, medication, expected condition, and possible ill effects." (loaded 2026-08-06). caveat: a restatement of a statute, not legal advice; Taiwanese law only.｜span：「醫療機構診治病人時，應向病人或其法定代理人、配偶、親屬或關係人告知其病情、治療方針、處置、用藥、預後情形及可能之不良反應。」
• F15｜S16・S17｜high｜official_statement｜approved under reference 1090117 (page tested 2026-08-05)｜geo: TW｜A verified worked example of a county or city health authority publishing a dental fee standard. Verbatim span (Traditional Chinese original): 「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」(1090117核定); dataset title 「臺北市醫療收費標準」. caveat: one city only; other counties and cities publish their own, and this site quotes none of the amounts in them.｜span：「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」(1090117核定)；資料集標題「臺北市醫療收費標準」。caveat：僅一縣市例證，其他縣市各自公告；本站不引用其中任何金額。
• F16｜S18｜medium｜official_statement｜entry page returned 200 on 2026-08-05｜geo: TW｜The National Health Insurance Administration's medical device price comparison site is the official entry point for device fee enquiries. caveat: the page is front-end rendered and whether dental implant and prosthetic items fall inside its searchable scope was to be tested before publication (the same open item as C4 on card KM-DENTAL-09). ; correction from OP's own test on 2026-08-05: it does not cover dentistry, and dental implant and prosthetic items are confirmed to be outside its searchable scope
• F17｜S19｜high｜internal dataset (GSC; not a medical basis)｜data window 2025-03 to 2026-08｜geo: TW｜The 11 query terms for this topic total 109,456 impressions, of which 「全口重建36萬」 accounts for 11,295, across 3 sites, reconcilable line by line.
• F18｜no external source｜editorial framework (structural, not a factual claim)｜"five sources of the difference between quotations" and "four things a quotation must line up on" are explanatory frames defined by this site.

How to find a clinic that provides this service

This site lists no clinics and does not recommend, rate or compare any medical institution.

To find a clinic that provides this service, use the following official lookup channels yourself —

they are maintained by the competent authorities and are more current than any list:

>

- The Ministry of Health and Welfare's medical-institution lookup: search by city or county,

township and specialty (dentistry) for institutions that have completed practice registration.

The results show the institution's name, address and registered specialty. This is the first place

to confirm whether a clinic is lawfully registered.

- The National Health Insurance Administration's contracted-institution lookup: check whether a

clinic is under contract with National Health Insurance. This determines which items are covered

and which are self-paid, and therefore what kind of fee explanation you will be given.

>

Both systems are on the respective authorities' official websites; searching for the

medical-institution lookup or the contracted-institution lookup will find them. This site does not

reproduce the URLs, because they change; use whichever entry point the authority currently publishes.

>

In an emergency, do not spend time looking up lists. If your breathing, swallowing or speech is

affected, or swelling is spreading, go to the nearest emergency department.

Chinese labels to look for on the official pages

These official systems, datasets and files are published in Chinese only. The English names above are this site's renderings; on the page itself you will see the following strings, so search for these:

>

- 「醫事機構查詢」

- 「特約醫事機構查詢」

- 「特約院所查詢」

Compliance note

This is health education material within the meaning of Article 87 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act. It is not a medical advertisement, it recommends no particular institution, and it gives no amount and no price range anywhere. Full-mouth reconstruction involves surgical procedures and long-term prosthetics and carries medical risks and contraindications; the actual treatment and its results vary from person to person and must be assessed by a dentist. This card also gives no view on insurance claims - insurance questions are governed by the terms of your own policy.

Sources

• S1 Feine JS, et al. The McGill consensus statement on overdentures. Mandibular two-implant overdentures as first choice standard of care for edentulous patients. Gerodontology. 2002;19(1):3-4. PMID 12164236. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12164236 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S2 Thomason JM, Kelly SA, Bendkowski A, Ellis JS. Two implant retained overdentures — a review of the literature supporting the McGill and York consensus statements. J Dent. 2012;40(1):22-34. PMID 21911034. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21911034 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S3 Papaspyridakos P, Chen CJ, Chuang SK, Weber HP, Gallucci GO. A systematic review of biologic and technical complications with fixed implant rehabilitations for edentulous patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(1):102-10. PMID 22299086. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22299086 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S4 Soto-Peñaloza D, Zaragozí-Alonso R, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Peñarrocha-Diago M. The all-on-four treatment concept: Systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(3):e474-e488. PMID 28298995. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298995 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S5 Gallardo YNR, da Silva-Olivio IR, Gonzaga L, Sesma N, Martin W. A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes on Patients Rehabilitated with Complete-Arch Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses According to the Time of Loading. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(9):958-968. PMID 31433096. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31433096 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S6 de Groot RJ, Oomens MAEM, Forouzanfar T, Schulten EAJM. Bone augmentation followed by implant surgery in the edentulous mandible: A systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2018;45(4):334-343. PMID 29314144. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29314144 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S7 Derks J, Tomasi C. Peri-implant health and disease. A systematic review of current epidemiology. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42 Suppl 16:S158-71. PMID 25495683. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25495683 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S8 Loomans B, Opdam N, Attin T, et al. Severe Tooth Wear: European Consensus Statement on Management Guidelines. J Adhes Dent. 2017;19(2):111-119. PMID 28439579. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28439579 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S9 Morton D, Gallucci G, Lin WS, et al. Group 2 ITI Consensus Report: Prosthodontics and implant dentistry. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29 Suppl 16:215-223. PMID 30328196. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30328196 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S10 Feine J, Abou-Ayash S, Al Mardini M, et al. Group 3 ITI Consensus Report: Patient-reported outcome measures associated with implant dentistry. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29 Suppl 16:270-275. PMID 30328187. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30328187 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S11 Assaf A, Daas M, Boittin A, Eid N, Postaire M. Prosthetic maintenance of different mandibular implant overdentures: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;118(2):144-152. PMID 28385441. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28385441 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200)
• S12 Taiwan, National Health Insurance Act, Article 51 (Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China (Taiwan)). law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0060001 flno=51 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, text matched verbatim; the same anchor as C2 on card KM-DENTAL-09. English rendering from the same database, retrieved 2026-08-06)
• S13 Taiwan, Medical Care Act, Article 21 (Laws & Regulations Database). law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=21 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, text matched verbatim)
• S14 Taiwan, Medical Care Act, Article 22 (Laws & Regulations Database). law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=22 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, text matched verbatim)
• S15 Taiwan, Medical Care Act, Article 81 (Laws & Regulations Database). law.moj.gov.tw pcode=L0020021 flno=81 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, text matched verbatim)
• S16 Taipei City Government Department of Health, fee standards page: 「臺北市醫療機構牙科收費標準表」(1090117核定). health.gov.taipei fee standards page (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, title matched verbatim; the same anchor as C3 on card KM-DENTAL-09, with the full URL restored here)
• S17 Taiwan government open data platform, dataset 121913 「臺北市醫療收費標準」 (the data link points to the S16 page). data.gov.tw/dataset/121913 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200, title matched verbatim)
• S18 National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan), medical device price comparison site. info.nhi.gov.tw INAE2000/INAE2010S01 (retrieved 2026-08-05, HTTP 200; the page is front-end rendered and its item scope was pending a live test. The official name contains no wording equivalent to "self-paid"; the same anchor as C4 on card KM-DENTAL-09)　[On the official page the label appears in Chinese only: 「醫材比價網」]
• S19 Internal data: `analysis/reports/km-dental-backlog.md`, appendix to topic 32 (full Search Console pull across 14 clinic properties, data window 2025-03 to 2026-08); 11 query terms totalling 109,456 impressions, reconcilable line by line. Not a medical basis - used only for topic selection and to identify what people search for.

Internal citation chain

• Companion card on how to read cost: What does one dental implant cost? There is no official price, but you can learn to read the quotation (KM-DENTAL-09, draft). For the implant portion of a full-mouth reconstruction the itemisation logic is the same as on that card; full-mouth reconstruction adds three further layers of variation - number of arches, prosthesis type and fee staging.
• The cost-related statutes (Articles 21 and 22 of Taiwan's Medical Care Act) and the National Health Insurance cover boundary (Article 51 of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act) share one verified anchor set across both cards, with identical figures and identical verbatim spans.